Aging characteristic of light-modulation quartz-crystal oscillator with glass-bar-mounted plano-convex AT-cut quartz-crystal plate

A glass-bar-mounted plano-convex AT-cut quartz-crystal resonator (GMPA resonator) is employed in the oscillator to work as a three-port network device. In this case, the light beam is modulated with the dynamic stress of the oscillating quartz-crystal plate and the modulated-light beam is used as a feedback loop of the oscillation. The experimental results for the frequency/temperature characteristic of the oscillator system are presented. About 5 × 10¿9 aging rate for a week was realised in the present oscillator.