Analysis of periodic phased arrays of circular apertures

The active admittance, the realized gain, and the degradation of the nominally linear polarization versus the scan angle are determined for an infinite periodic array of circular apertures by resorting to the modal analysis of the discontinuity between the element waveguide and the periodic waveguide which constitutes the radiation half-space. An array of elements in a triangular arrangement is treated as an application, and the numerical results are compared with those obtained through the grating lobe series, i.e., assuming an aperture transverse electric field distribution invariant with scan.