A synthesis of array antennas for high directivity and low sidelobes

By application of a Gegenbauer polynomial, pattern synthesis of array antennas which have high directivity and low sidelobe level is investigated. A Chebyshev or uniform-amplitude array is included as a special case of the result obtained. The current amplitudes of the array elements are represented by a Jacobi polynomial and are easily calculated. It is shown by numerical calculations for a linear array and a hexagonal planar array that there is an optimum directivity for a specified sidelobe level within a class of Gegenbauer-polynomial patterns.