بررسي نظام توزيع فضايي و تحليل مكان گزيني پايانه‌هاي حمل و نقل اتوبوسراني درون شهري شيراز با استفاده از تكنيك فرآيند تحليل شبكه‌اي (ANP)

An Investigation of the Spatial Distribution and Location Analysis of Public Bus Terminals of Shiraz using Analytic Network Process (ANP

استفاده صحيح از زمين به عنوان يك منبع عمومي و كالايي غيرقابل بازيافت، نيازمند برنامه ريزي اصولي است. در مقابل، مكان گزيني نادرست فعاليت‌هاي شهري، زمينه ساز بروز پيامدهاي منفي زيست محيطي، مالي- اقتصادي و اثرات مخرب اجتماعي است. در اين راستا، مكان يابي تسهيلات حمل و نقل موضوعي بسيار مهم تلقي مي‌شود. چرا كه موقعيت اين تسهيلات بر اقتصاد نواحي كلانشهري و همچنين كيفيت زندگي جوامع بهره بردار بسيار موثر است. موضوع مقاله حاضر به ارزيابي نظام توزيع فضايي و انتخاب سايت مناسب براي ايجاد پايانه‌هاي جديد اتوبوسراني درون شهري در شهر شيراز، با توجه به ناكافي بودن پايانه‌هاي موجود است. بدين منظور با استفاده از منابع موجود و بررسي معيارهاي موثر در مكان يابي احداث پايانه‌هاي اتوبوسراني، سه معياراصلي و پنج زيرمعيار جهت ورود به مدل فرآيند تحليل شبكه‌اي (Analytic Network Process) انتخاب گرديد. انتخاب مناسبترين سايت پس از طي دو مرحله ي outranking در نرم افزار GIS وسپس استفاده از مدل ANP صورت گرفته است. شايان دكر است كه به دليل عدم دسترسي به نرم افزار تخصصي و موضوع تحريم نرم افزاري، محاسبات مدل به صورت دستي انجام گرفت. از ميان 5 گزينه ي پيشنهادي استخراج شده در مرحله outranking، گزينه ي اول كه در امتداد محور خروجي شيراز به سمت بوشهر (محور بلوار اميركبير) با امتياز 347/. به عنوان مناسبترين سايت انتخاب گرديد.

Extended abstract 1. Introduction Rational planning is required for true utilization of urban land, as a valuable and asset. Unsuitable location choice of urban activities leads to having negative consequences, including environmental, social and economical impacts appeared. The provision of transportation facilities is a crucial issue for government, developers and people. A right location choice of these facilities is important to having a viable economy and community. Therefore, the location choice of public bus terminals is a significant topic for urban transport research. This paper attempts to investigate the current distribution of bus terminal throughout metropolitan shiraz then using ANP method, the most appropriate locations for bus terminal will be selected. 2. Background A review of early research efforts taken on location choice shows that lateral impacts e.g environmental, social and economical were mostly absent, rather quantitaive rigid methods were applied. Nowadays multicriteria approaches such as Multi-Criteria Decision Making (MCDM) ,using both qualitative and quantitative criteria, are being employed to choose bus terminal location. 3.Discussion In this research, Analytic Network Process approach was employed in order to choose the best location for bus terminals in shiraz metropolitan area. The Analytic Network Process (ANP) is a generalization of the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP). The basic structure is an influence network of clusters and nodes contained within the clusters. After a survey on existing terminal’s location and vacant land in shiraz, five lots have been chosen as alternatives for terminals. To use ANP model, three criteria and five sub-criteria are considered to form network model. According to comparative matrix, interdependences between criteria and sub-criteria and also between alternatives have been discovered. According to Eij matrix(comparative matrix between alternatives and criteria) , the relative score of each alternative has been computed. At next stage, by constituting super matrix, final score of each sub-criteria is determined. According to this matrix, proximity to residential sites (0./33) was chosen as the most effective criteria to locate bus terminal. The outcome of the model showed that site A, located on Amirkabir.Blvd , was the most appropriate site to locate bus terminal with 0.3465 score. 4.Conclusion Determining appropriate location for bus terminal establishment is a complicated process since its elements all have impacts on each other. This process can be facilitated by taking methods of practical researches in geography and planning.This research first selected the most influential factors to choose a location for bus terminal. To choose the most appropriate site to locate bus terminals, ANP process was employed. Then ANP model was applied to compare the alternative sites and choose the most appropriate one. 5.Suggestions This study can be improved by considering a lager set of variables and criteria. Also, taking different impacts of bus terminals e.g environmental, social and economical aspect could help achieving more precise results.