ارزيابي وضعيت ايمني در پارك‌هاي شهري نمونه موردي: پارك‌هاي ناحيه‌اي شهر يزد

Assessment of safety in urban parks (Case of study: regional of city parks

پارك‌ها و فضاهاي سبز شهري از اهميت استراتژيك و مهمي براي كيفيت زندگي در جامعه به شدت شهرنشين شده عصر حاضر برخوردارند. به طوري كه امروزه جايگاه آن‌ها از يك محيط تفريحي فراتر رفته و به عامل مهمي در توسعه شهري بدل شده است. از اين رو شناخت مسائل و مشكلاتي كه افزايش احتمال وقوع حوادث جاني و مالي را به همراه دارد و آگاهي از وضعيت پارك‌ها از نظر اين مسائل و مشكلات، مي‌تواند نقش مهمي در كاهش حوادث ناگوار ناشي از فقدان ايمني در آنها، به همراه داشته باشد. اين پژوهش از نوع كاربردي است كه با استفاده از روش‌هاي توصيفي- تحليلي، با هدف رتبه بندي متغيرها و شاخص‌هاي ايمني در پارك‌هاي ناحيه‌اي شهر يزد و سنجش و رتبه بندي پارك‌هاي مزبور براساس اين شاخص‌ها صورت گرفته است. جامعه آماري اين پژوهش كل جمعيت شهر يزد بوده و حجم نمونه از طريق فرمول كوكران 322 نفر برآورد شد. سپس با استفاده از روش پيمايشي و ابزار پرسشنامه كه روايي آن از طريق پيش آزمون تأييد شده بود، اطلاعات مورد نياز از بازديدكنندگان پارك‌هاي ناحيه‌اي شهر يزد جمع آوري شد. و در نهايت با ورود داده‌ها به محيط نرم افزاري Spss و تعيين پايايي پرسشنامه با آزمون كرونباخ، با استفاده از مدل‌هاي آماري فريدمن و كروسكال واليس تحليل نهايي بر روي داده‌ها صورت گرفت. نتايج مطالعات صورت گرفته نشان داد كه شاخص‌هاي ايمني بهداشتي، دسترسي فيزيكي، ايمني فيزيكي، روشنايي، طراحي خوانا و احساس ايمني به ترتيب با ميانگين رتبه‌‌هاي 7/49 ، 5/40 ، 5، 4/99 ، 4 و 3/49 ، داراي بيشترين تا كم‌ترين تأثير در ايمني پارك‌هاي مورد مطالعه بوده و پارك‌هاي بزرگ شهر، هفت تير، غدير، شهدا، باغ ملي و دانشجو با ميانگين رتبه‌هاي 156/76 ، 150/67 ، 139/225 ، 132/51 ، 107/535 و 75/62 به ترتيب در رتبه‌هاي اول تا ششم از نظر شاخص‌هاي ايمني مورد مطالعه قرار دارند.

Extended abstract 1-Introduction cities of Yazd is Desert including that due to the uncontrolled and inappropriate climatic conditions that increase the number of visitors to parks and green spaces in this city to have, and Regarding the issue of safety in urban parks and public spaces, especially due to the problems arising from lack of proper flooring in children's playgrounds, there are toys with sharp and dangerous Waste materials, use of recreational boats worn, regardless of the lamp or electric wire, That questions such as, how the immune status of urban parks and identify important parameters affecting the immune status of the parks to be a necessity for serious consideration. The city now has 150 parks with an area of 1,863,629 square meters, that 55 park with an area of 1000 square meters and 51 park of with an area of the 130922 square meters, is between 1001 to 5000 square meters. That in between Regional parks in the city (parks Ghadir, the martyrs, the great city, students, revolver and The National Garden) With 708,000 square meters, equivalent to 37/9 percent of the total area of city parks, due to the abundant amenities and services than other parks, the parks of the city population and the highest number of visitors were attracted the evaluation and assessment of safety in the parks, visitors can also enhance the health and quality of life, comfort them in the use of park facilities. 2- Theoretical bases 2-1- Safety The immune system is defined as the quality of the system that allows the system under predetermined conditions with the least damage from the accident. 2-2- Safety approaches About safety, there are different approaches in the classical approach and systematic approaches are common. classic approach: In this approach certain aspects such as safety, focusing exclusively on technical requirements and obtain short-term results is stressed. System Approach: The safety of this approach, a combination of elements that create a whole. 2-3- Safety management in urban parks Safety management system, a set of policies, objectives, organization and management controls that systematic and explicit manner with a comprehensive process for managing safety risks is applied. Safety management systems in the parks for safety purposes, planning and performance measurement, it is created within an organization. The seven key steps are as follows: - Leadership and Commitment - Policy and Strategic Goals - Organize, References and Documentation - Assessment and Risk Management - Planning - Implementation and Monitoring - Audit and review 3– Discussion Results show that health and safety indicators with an average rank of 7/49, Physical access, with an average rating of 5/40, Physical safety index with an average 5, Lighting with an average rating of 4/99, Legible design, with an average of 4 and mean safety index rating 3/49 respectively in the first semester of the last and highest to lowest, are affected. In this connection the relevant parameters with significant values of chi-square test (0/000) represents the reliability of the test of level is 0/95. Also check the status of the park shows that a large park with an average rating of 156/76 is in the best conditions of safety indicators, and Parks Tir, Ghadir, the martyrs, the National Garden and the mean scores of students with 150/67, 139/225, 132/51, 107/535 and 75/62 respectively to the second ranked sixth in terms of their safety. 4– Conclusion and Suggestions Park safety study in Yazd area that addresses issues such as safe drinking water, The park's circulation system designed and implemented correctly, Machines and other machinery needed relief to traffic in the park, Safety considerations for people with no power cord, Park status to prevent any physical stress, Zaydh lack of sharp edges in equipment and additional park parks play a role in immune status are studied. Among the major parks and parks of the city and students were the best and worst conditions. and Parks National Garden, revolver, Ghadir, the martyrs are in average condition in terms of safety. 5– Suggestions In this study, in order to increase safety in urban parks, especially parks studied Deployment and utilization of Health, Safety & Environment Management System advantages which the following is recommended: Management and scientific management of urban parks Reduce direct and indirect costs resulting from adverse economic and social. Confidence in management techniques to identify and control hazards and reduce accidents caused by lack of safety. Satisfaction and increase reliability and security of citizens in the park. Parks improve health and prevent disease. It requires the establishment of urban parks system in the initial action is referred to the following: Municipal officials in particular areas and parks officials Andkaran awareness of the merits of this system. Unit Formation Health, Safety & Environment Management System Parks and green spaces in the Yazd of city. also It should be noted that this system of parks, particularly in urban parks Can suitable for field deployment and implementation of environmental management and health and safety standards as being professional