كليدواژه :
مكان‌گزيني واحد‌هاي صنعتي , شهرك صنعتي , خوشه‌هاي صنعتي , شهرك صنعتي شيراز
چكيده فارسي :
نقش و جايگاه صنعت در فرآيند توسعه اقتصادي جوامع مختلف بر همگان واضح است به‌گونه‌اي كه صنعتي شدن در بسياري از كشورهاي در حال توسعه به منزله‌ي شالوده دستيابي به توسعه محسوب مي‌شود امروزه در بيشتر كشورهاي جهان، صنايع كوچك و متوسط از جنبه‌هاي مختلف اقتصادي، اجتماعي، توليد صنعتي و ارائه خدمات در حال نقش‌آفريني هستند. در ايران با وجودي كه بيش از 90 درصد واحد‌هاي توليدي در گروه صنايع كوچك و متوسط قرار مي‌گيرند، به‌دليل نداشتن استراتژي توسعه مبتني بر ساختار‌هاي موجود صنعتي و رها كردن واحد‌هاي كوچك توليدي به حال خود، اين بنگاه‌ها نتوانسته‌اند سهم قابل توجهي در توليد ناخالص ملي و ايجاد ارزش افزوده داشته باشند. در اين رابطه ايجاد و تجهيز شهرك‌هاي صنعتي مي-تواند شرايط مناسب‌تري را براي مكان‌گزيني صنايع كوچك و متوسط، و مديريت متمركز اين صنايع فراهم كند. در مقاله حاضر ، جاذبه هاي شهرك صنعتي شيراز در مكان‌گزيني واحد‌هاي صنعتي مورد تحليل قرار گرفته است. اين تحقيق بر مبناي هدف از نوع كاربردي و از نظر ماهيت توصيفي- تحليلي است كه جاذبه‌ها ي شهرك را در 20 معيار مورد بررسي قرار مي-دهد. در حصول به سرجمع تناسب شهرك صنعتي شيراز در مكان‌گزيني واحد‌هاي صنعتي سعي شده است اطلاعات جمع-آوري شده در چهارچوب تكنيك TOPSIS، بارگذاري شود. در برايند استفاده از اين تكنيك ، امتياز 0/50 در رابطه با جاذبه-هاي شهرك به لحاظ سرجمع معيار‌هاي مورد بررسي بدست آمد. اين وضعيت مي‌تواندگوياي وجود پاشنه آشيل هاي متعدد در زمينه جذب واحد‌هاي صنعتي در اين شهرك باشد.
چكيده لاتين :
1. Introduction
One of the most effective work in the field of urban and regional planning , is establishment of industrial towns that can provide a good platform for the location of small and medium industries that include more than ninety percent of the manufacturing industries in Iran. Construction of this towns in the outside of the cities and residential areas, will lead to create a healthy environment and allocation of land for other urban uses.
In this regard, it is necessary that these industrial towns have features that are indicators of good condition and attraction for establishment of industrial estates. Recognition of the towns conditions in terms of mentioned features can be a pre-introduction to measures the strength points and filling existent gaps in the attraction of industrial units.
This importance is considered as a central approach in the present paper and by selecting Shiraz industrial town as a case study, the strength and weak points in terms of good condition for locating industrial units are investigated in an empirical field. So in this paper, we have tried to done an investigation on the attractions of Shiraz industrial town for location of industrial units. In determining the overall utility of Shiraz industrial estate for locating industrial units, we have tried to load collected data in the framework of TOPSIS technique.
2- Theoretical basics
The industrial towns as a way in achieving general purposes of development has have attracted attention of country planners. Industry development in the framework of industrial complex industrial area industrial region industrial pole or industrial towns is a phenomenon that in term of importance is considered from the beginning of 20th century in the industrial development of world countries and taking advantages of capacities and facilitates of every region. Any country that wants to take a step on the way to industrialization, is forced in terms of land and labor division in different regions of the country, using industry development strategy, and organizing poles and places for accumulation of industrial.
The necessity of organizing industrial towns is caused by the growth of the population the issue of employment, environmental protection, land restrictions and the development of industrial land . Also leading manufactures for locating industrial units in particular area such as industrial towns can be considered to prevent environmental pollution and to use the economies of aggregation .
The establishment of industrial estates and complexes is from the major actions in recent years in many cities of Iran .The task of locating in one dimension can be considered in the location of industrial towns. According to the important direct and indirect role of new industrial towns in changes in population and employment of region âthese towns are of considerable importance
From the other dimension, The task of locating is considered from the angle of the attractions of the industrial estates for location of industrial units that usually include small and medium industries. Really, in the present paper, task of locating is considered by the recent aspect. The problem of factory location has been considered in the strategic stage of decision making and has major importance on its success. Appropriate place has an important role in the competitiveness of the company in the market and should choose in a way that results can be obtained in the form of achieving competitive and strategic advantages in comparison with other competitors.
3-Discussion
Variable and indicators in this study include data and information that are used in 20 criteria in determining the compliance level of Shiraz industrial town for locating the industrial units. A criterion is considered as a standard to the judgment or a rule for compliance test of decision options. In this research as a result of literature relates to the research, the used criteria in the process of locating were selected and organized. Also in this paper, an option that its desirability has been measured based on different criterion is Shiraz industrial estate that is located in the south of Shiraz metropolis. The main steps in the process of study that reflects the research methodology are:
-standardization of the criterion values based on the degree of membership in the fuzzy function and calculating status of Shiraz industrial town based on standardized domain .
-determining the weight of used criteria based on pairwise comparison.
- Operational use of multi-criteria decision rules: in this step, there is intention, to test the operational capabilities of TOPSIS model as a prominent example of the multi-criteria analysis techniques in determining the level of the attraction of Shiraz industrial town for locating industrial units.
4-conclusion
One of the important steps in achieving the objectives of regional and urban planning is industrial estates, which can Create the appropriate field for the establishment of small and medium industries that involve more than 90% of the manufacturing industry in Iran . Creating an industrial town outside of cities and residential areas would be lead to creation of healthy environment and so , more Land can be allocated for required urban land uses .In this regard, it is necessary that industrial towns have features which indicate appropriate conditions and attractions for the establishment of industrial units . Understanding the status of industrial towns in terms of noted features, can be viewed as an Introduction to providing Smart Measures to reinforce strengths and to fill gaps in absorbing industrial units . This issue is viewed as the key approach in the present article and by choosing shiraz industrial town as a case study, strengths and weaknesses in this town has been investigated in an experimental field in terms of having good condition for locating industrial activities. This research is applied research in terms of target and so, this research is descriptive research in terms of nature that study attractions of the industrial park in terms of 20 criteria. In order to achieve total fitness of shiraz Industrial park for location of Industrial units in terms of investigated criteria , we have tried to load collected and processed data within TOPSIS method. In consequence of using above techniques, industrial park score was 0/50 in relation to the total number of investigated criteria. It shows that industrial park has some considerable problems for locating Industrial units .
5-suggestions
-The establishment and improvement of infrastructures facilities, equipment and services to attract more of the industrial units in Shiraz industrial town.
