اﺛﺮ ﺗﻤﺮﯾﻨﺎت اﺳﺘﻘﺎﻣﺘﯽ ﺑﺎ ﺷﺪت ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻂ ﺑﺮ ﺗﻐﯿﯿﺮات ﺳﻄﻮح ﺳﺮﻣﯽ ﻓﺎﮐﺘﻮر ﻣﻬﺎرﮐﻨﻨﺪة ﻣﺎﮐﺮوﻓﺎژ و ارﺗﺒﺎط آن ﺑﺎ ﺗﻐﯿﯿﺮات ﮔﻠﺒﻮل ﺳﻔﯿﺪ، ﮔﻠﻮﮐﺰ و اﻧﺴﻮﻟﯿﻦ ﭘﻼﺳﻤﺎ در زﻧﺎن دﯾﺎﺑﺘﯽ ﻧﻮع دو

The Effect of Endurance Training at Moderate Intensity on Changes of Serum Concentration of MIF and It’s Relationship with Plasma White Blood Cells, Glucose, and Insulin Changes in Type 2 Diabetic Women

ﻫﺪف از ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ، ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ اﺛﺮ ﺗﻤﺮﯾﻦ اﺳﺘﻘﺎﻣﺘﯽ ﺑﺮ ﺗﻐﯿﯿﺮات ﺳﻄﻮح ﺳﺮﻣﯽ ﻓﺎﮐﺘﻮر ﻣﻬﺎرﮐﻨﻨﺪة ﻣﺎﮐﺮوﻓﺎژ و ارﺗﺒﺎط آن ﺑﺎ ﺗﻐﯿﯿﺮات ﮔﻠﺒﻮل ﺳﻔﯿﺪ، ﮔﻠﻮﮐﺰ و اﻧﺴﻮﻟﯿﻦ ﭘﻼﺳﻤﺎ در زﻧﺎن دﯾﺎﺑﺘﯽ ﻧﻮع دو ﺑﻮد. ﺑﺪﯾﻦﻣﻨﻈﻮر، 24 زن ﻣﺒﺘﻼ ﺑﻪ دﯾﺎﺑﺖ ﻧﻮع دو ﻣﺼﺮفﮐﻨﻨﺪة ﻣﺘﻔﻮرﻣﯿﻦ )ﺑﺎ ﻣﯿﺎﻧﮕﯿﻦ ﺳﻨﯽ 6/6±55 ﺳﺎل؛ وزن 5/1±73 ﮐﯿﻠﻮﮔﺮم( ﺑﻪ دو ﮔﺮوه 12 ﻧﻔﺮي ﮐﻨﺘﺮل و ﺗﻤﺮﯾﻦ ﺗﻘﺴﯿﻢ ﺷﺪﻧﺪ. ﮔﺮوه ﺗﻤﺮﯾﻦ ﻫﺸﺖ ﻫﻔﺘﻪ ﺗﻤﺮﯾﻦ اﺳﺘﻘﺎﻣﺘﯽ ﻣﺸﺘﻤﻞ ﺑﺮ دوﯾﺪن ﺑﺎ ﺷﺪت 55 ﺗﺎ 75 درﺻﺪ ﺣﺪاﮐﺜﺮ ﺿﺮﺑﺎن ﻗﻠﺐ را ﺑﻪﻣﺪت 40 ﺗﺎ 60 دﻗﯿﻘﻪ اﻧﺠﺎم داد. ﻧﻤﻮﻧﮥ ﺧﻮﻧﯽ ﻧﯿﺰ ﻗﺒﻞ از اﺟﺮاي ﺗﻤﺮﯾﻦ و 72 ﺳﺎﻋﺖ ﭘﺲ از اﺗﻤﺎم آﺧﺮﯾﻦ ﺟﻠﺴﮥ ﺗﻤﺮﯾﻦ ﺟﻤﻊآوري ﺷﺪ. ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ، ﻏﻠﻈﺖ ﮔﻠﻮﮐﺰ ﺑﺎ روش ﮔﻠﻮﮐﺰ اﮐﺴﯿﺪاز و ﻏﻠﻈﺖ ﻓﺎﮐﺘﻮر ﻣﻬﺎرﮐﻨﻨﺪة ﻣﺎﮐﺮوﻓﺎژ ﺳﺮم و اﻧﺴﻮﻟﯿﻦ ﭘﻼﺳﻤﺎ ﺑﺎ روش اﻻﯾﺰا اﻧﺪازهﮔﯿﺮي ﮔﺸﺖ. ﺑﺮاي ﻣﻘﺎﯾﺴﮥ ﻣﺘﻐﯿﺮﻫﺎي ﺑﯿﻦ ﮔﺮوهﻫﺎ ﻧﯿﺰ از آزﻣﻮن آﻣﺎري آﻧﺎﻟﯿﺰ ﮐﻮوارﯾﺎﻧﺲ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﺪ و ﺟﻬﺖ ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ارﺗﺒﺎط ﺑﯿﻦ ﺗﻐﯿﯿﺮات ﮔﻠﺒﻮل ﺳﻔﯿﺪ، ﮔﻠﻮﮐﺰ و اﻧﺴﻮﻟﯿﻦ ﭘﻼﺳﻤﺎ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻐﯿﯿﺮات ﺳﻄﻮح ﺳﺮﻣﯽ ﻓﺎﮐﺘﻮر ﻣﻬﺎرﮐﻨﻨﺪة ﻣﺎﮐﺮوﻓﺎژ و ﺗﻌﯿﯿﻦ اﺷﺘﺮاك اﺣﺘﻤﺎﻟﯽ اﯾﻦ ﻋﻮاﻣﻞ در ﺗﻐﯿﯿﺮات ﻓﺎﮐﺘﻮر ﻣﻬﺎرﮐﻨﻨﺪة ﻣﺎﮐﺮوﻓﺎژ ﺳﺮم، آزﻣﻮن رﮔﺮﺳﯿﻮن ﭼﻨﺪﮔﺎﻧﻪ ﻣﻮرداﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺖ. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﻧﺸﺎن ﻣﯽدﻫﺪ ﮐﻪ ﭘﺲ از ﻫﺸﺖ ﻫﻔﺘﻪ ﺗﻤﺮﯾﻦ اﺳﺘﻘﺎﻣﺘﯽ، ﻏﻠﻈﺖ ﻓﺎﮐﺘﻮر ﻣﻬﺎرﮐﻨﻨﺪة ﻣﺎﮐﺮوﻓﺎژ ﺳﺮم (0.03=P)، ﻏﻠﻈﺖ ﮔﻠﻮﮐﺰ ﭘﻼﺳﻤﺎ (0.02=P)، ﻏﻠﻈﺖ اﻧﺴﻮﻟﯿﻦ ﭘﻼﺳﻤﺎ (0.04=P)، ﺗﻌﺪاد ﮔﻠﺒﻮلﻫﺎي ﺳﻔﯿﺪ ﭘﻼﺳﻤﺎ (0.002=P) و ﺷﺎﺧﺺ ﻣﻘﺎوﻣﺖ ﺑﻪ اﻧﺴﻮﻟﯿﻦ (0.01=P) در ﮔﺮوه ﺗﻤﺮﯾﻦ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﮔﺮوه ﮐﻨﺘﺮل ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﻣﻌﻨﺎداري داﺷﺘﻪ اﺳﺖ. ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ، ارﺗﺒﺎط ﻣﻌﻨﺎداري ﺑﯿﻦ ﺗﻐﯿﯿﺮات ﺗﻌﺪاد ﮔﻠﺒﻮلﻫﺎي ﺳﻔﯿﺪ ﭘﻼﺳﻤﺎ و ﻏﻠﻈﺖ ﻓﺎﮐﺘﻮر ﻣﻬﺎرﮐﻨﻨﺪة ﻣﺎﮐﺮوﻓﺎژ ﺳﺮم (0.05=P) ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪه ﺷﺪ. ﺷﺎﯾﺎنذﮐﺮ اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ 63 درﺻﺪ از ﺗﻐﯿﯿﺮات ﻓﺎﮐﺘﻮر ﻣﻬﺎرﮐﻨﻨﺪة ﻣﺎﮐﺮوﻓﺎژ ﺳﺮم ﺗﻨﻬﺎ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻐﯿﯿﺮ در ﺗﻌﺪاد ﮔﻠﺒﻮل ﺳﻔﯿﺪ ﭘﻼﺳﻤﺎ ﻗﺎﺑﻞﭘﯿﺶﺑﯿﻨﯽ ﺑﻮد. ﺑﻪﻃﻮرﮐﻠﯽ، ﻣﯽﺗﻮان ﮔﻔﺖ ﮐﻪ اﻧﺠﺎم ﺗﻤﺮﯾﻦ اﺳﺘﻘﺎﻣﺘﯽ ﺑﺎ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ در ﺗﻌﺪاد ﮔﻠﺒﻮلﻫﺎي ﺳﻔﯿﺪ ﺳﺮﻣﯽ ﻫﻤﺮاه اﺳﺖ و اﯾﻦ ﺗﻐﯿﯿﺮات ﺗﺎﺣﺪي ﻣﯽﺗﻮاﻧﺪ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ در ﺳﻄﻮح ﺳﺮﻣﯽ ﻓﺎﮐﺘﻮر ﻣﻬﺎرﮐﻨﻨﺪة ﻣﺎﮐﺮوﻓﺎژ ﭘﺲ از ﺗﻤﺮﯾﻦ اﺳﺘﻘﺎﻣﺘﯽ را ﺗﺒﯿﯿﻦ ﻧﻤﺎﯾﺪ.

The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of endurance training on changes of serum concentration of MIF and its relationship with plasma white blood cells, glucose, and insulin changes in type 2 diabetic women. Twenty-Four subjects (age 55±6.6 years and weight 73±5.1) randomly divided in two groups, including control (n=12) and trained (n=12). Trained group performed eight weeks of endurance training including running at of 55-75% of their heart rate maximum for 40 to 60 minutes. Blood samples were collected before training protocol and 72 hours after the last exercise session. Plasma glucose was measured with glucose oxidase method; Serum MIF and plasma insulin concentration were measured by ELISA method. Difference of variables between groups were evaluated by analysis of covariance and multiple regression analysis was used to determine the possible contribution of white blood cells, glucose, and insulin changes to serum MIF changes after training protocol. Compared to the control group, concentration of serum MIF (P=0.03), plasma glucose (P=0.02), plasma insulin (P=0.04), white blood cell population (P=0.002), and HOMA_IR index values (P=0.01) in trained group significantly decreased after eight week of endurance training. Significant correlation was found between the exercise-induced changes in white blood cell population and serum MIF concentration (P=0.05). Sixty-three present of the variance in the changes in serum MIF concentration could be predicted by only the changes in white blood cell population. In summary, long-term endurance training is accompanied by decrease in white blood cell population and these changes could predict the exercise-induced suppression in serum MIF concentration after endurance training.