نقد و تحليل آثار مربوط به تجربه اقتصادهاي شرق آسيا در مقاوم سازي اقتصاد

Economic resilience: The East Asian experience

ﺗﻮاﻧﺎﻳﻲ ﺑﺮاي ﺟﺬب، اﻳﺴﺘﺎدﮔﻲ و ﻳﺎ ﺑﺎزﻳﺎﺑﻲ در ﻣﻘﺎﺑﻞ ﺷﻮك ﻫﺎي ﻧﺎﻣﻄﻠﻮب اﻗﺘﺼﺎدي، اﻗﺘﺼﺎد را ﻣﻘﺎوم ﻳﺎ ﺗﺎب آور ﻣﻲ ﺳﺎزد. اﻗﺘﺼﺎدﻫﺎي ﺷﺮق آﺳﻴﺎ در ﺳﺎل 1997 از ﺑﺤﺮان ﻣـﺎﻟﻲ آﺳﻴﺎ ﺿﺮﺑﻪ ﺧﻮردﻧﺪ. اﻳﻦ اﻗﺘﺼﺎدﻫﺎ ده ﺳﺎل ﺑﻌﺪ در ﺳﺎل 2007 ﻧﻴﺰ ﺑﺎ ﺑﺤﺮان ﻣﺎﻟﻲ ﺟﻬـﺎﻧﻲ ﻣﻮاﺟـﻪ ﺷﺪﻧﺪ. اﻳﻦ ﺑﺎر ﻫﺮ ﭼﻨﺪ از ﻃﺮﻳﻖ ﺧﺮوج ﺳﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪ و ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﺷﺪﻳﺪ ﺻﺎدرات، ﺷﻮك ﻧـﺎﻣﻄﻠﻮب اﻗﺘﺼﺎدي ﺷﺪﻳﺪﺗﺮي ﺑﻪ آﻧﻬﺎ وارد ﺷﺪ، اﻣﺎ در ﻣﻘﺎﺑﻞ ﺷﻮك ﻧﺎﺷﻲ از ﺑﺤﺮان، اﻗﺘﺼﺎدﻫﺎي ﺗـﺎب آور و ﻣﻘﺎوﻣﻲ ﺑﻮدﻧﺪ. ﺗﻮاﻧﺎﻳﻲ اﻗﺘﺼﺎدﻫﺎي ﺷﺮق آﺳﻴﺎ ﺑﺮاي ﺑﺎزﻳﺎﺑﻲ اﻗﺘﺼﺎد، ﻧﺎﺷﻲ از ده ﺳـﺎل ﻣﻘﺎوم ﺳﺎزي اﻗﺘﺼﺎد از ﻃﺮﻳﻖ اﻗﺪاﻣﺎت و اﺻﻼﺣﺎت ﻣـﺎﻟﻲ، اﺻـﻼﺣﺎت ﺳﺎﺧﺘﺎري، ﻛﻴﻔﻴـﺖ ﻧﻬﺎدي و ﺷﺮاﻳﻂ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ اي ﺑﻮد. در اﻳﻦ ﻣﻘﺎﻟﻪ از دﻳﺪﮔﺎه ﻓﺮاﻣﺎﻟﻲ، ﺗﺠﺮﺑﻪ ﺗﺎب آوري ﺷﺮق آﺳﻴﺎ در ﻣﻮاﺟﻬﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺑﺤﺮان ﺗﺤﻠﻴﻞ ﮔﺮدﻳﺪه و آﺛﺎر ﻣﺮﺑﻮط ﺑﻪ دﻳﺪﮔﺎه ﻣﺎﻟﻲ ﮔﺮا در ﺗﺤﻠﻴﻞ ﺑﺤﺮان ﻣﺎﻟﻲ ﺷﺮق آﺳﻴﺎ، ﻧﻘﺪ ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ.

The ability to absorb, withstands, or recovers from adverse economic shock make the economy more resilient. East Asian economies were hit by the Asian financial crisis in 1997. Ten years later, these economies faced a global financial crisis in 2007. This time, despite an economic downturn due to capital outflows and a sharp drop in exports, they were resilient economies against the adverse shock. The ability of East Asian economies to recover the economy was driven by a ten-year resilient building of the economy through financial reform, structural reforms, enhancing institutional quality, and regional conditions. In this paper, beyond financial perspective, East Asia's resilient experience in dealing with the crisis has been analyzed and the analyses of the East Asian crisis have been criticized.