زبان‌ شناسي متن و مطالعات ترجمه: ارزيابي و نقد كتاب علم النص ونظرية الترجمة

An Investigation and evaluation of the book: "The Text linguistics and translation studie"

زبان­شناسي متن از مباحث مهم نظريه­ ي ترجمه است و پژوهشگران بسياري كوشش كرده ­اند، نظريات اين رشته را در مطالعه­ ي ترجمه به‌ كار گيرند. يوسف نور عوض نيز، در «علم النص ونظرية الترجمة»، كوشيده تابا بيان تاريخچه ­اي مختصر از زبان­شناسي متن و مطالعات ترجمه، ارتباط اين دو رشته را با يكديگر شرح دهد و نظريه ­ي خود را كه بر مبناي همين ارتباط بنا شده، مطرح كند. وي در متون سه ­نوع معنا قائل است: منطقي، بياني و بديعي؛ كه با توجه به كميت اين معاني، متن­ها نيز سه دسته­ اند: متون ادبي، غيرادبي و مختلط كه براساس تفاوت­هاي اين گونه ­ها، بايد راهكار ترجمه اي مناسبي براي برگردان آن، در پيش‌ گرفت. نوشته­ ي حاضر با شيوه ­ي توصيفي-تحليلي، قصد دارد شكل و محتواي اين كتاب را، بررسي و ميزان تحقق اهداف آن را مشخص كند و تطابق محتواي اين اثر را با سرفصل دروس رشته­ ي زبان و ادبيات عربي بسنجد. مهم­ترين دستاوردهاي اين پژوهش عبارتست از: قدمت زمان تأليف كتاب نسبت به رشته مطالعات ترجمه، عدم جامعيت و در برنگرفتن تمامي مطالب مذكور در سرفصل، كه سبب شده اين كتاب مدخل جامعي در مطالعات ترجمه و منبع اصلي مناسبي براي دروس مرتبط با نظريه­ ي ترجمه در زبان عربي نباشد؛ از مزيت­ هاي نوشته مي­ توان به ايده و چهارچوب نظري جديد آن، اشاره كرد.

The Text linguistics is one of that fields that have has great impact on Translation Studies, as in many definitions, the translation has been defined as replacement of a text in one language by a text in the target language and a lot of researchers tried to use text linguistics's theories in translational investigation. Accordingly Yousof Noor Ewath tried in a communicative perspective, to provide a short history of text linguistics and translation studies in his book "Elmonnas wa Nazariyat Al-Tarjomah" (The Text linguistics and Translation theory) and to explain the relationship between these two fields. So at the end of both book's two chapters, he has raised his theory in of these fields and named it: (Nazariyat Al-Enziyahat) the shifts theory. He recognizes three types of meaning in texts as: Obligatory Meaning, Exrended Meaning and Accessory Meaning and based on the quantity of these different meanings in texts it divided into three types: Literary texts, non-literary text and Fuzzy texts or Hybrid texts. In his opinion with regard to this division and differences between each of these types, an appropriate translational strategy should be chosen. This paper with a descriptive-analytic method tries to review this book and to analyze its appearance and content and to assess the degree of realization of book's goals That are, to write a text linguistic approached introduction to translation studies and also tried to study the Compatibility this works contents with Arabic language and literature field. The most important result of current study is as follow: two reasons caused this book to not be a comprehensive Introduction to the text linguistics and translation studies: first the book published in a long time ago and secondly: the boos has not mentioned all the main tendencies of of the two fields and also not consisting the all necessary topics of in related curriculum prevents to consider this book as the main source of translation theory courses; but in the other hand with due attention to new ideas and a strong theoretical framework, it can give the collegians Innovative research ideas and new thinking way about the translation process.