مطالعه گروه گونه هاي اكولوژيك و تنوع گونه هاي گياهي در ذخيره گاه جنگلي كُنار تنگ پل شهرستان مسجدسليمان پس از قرق بلند مدت

Evaluation of exclosure effect on ecological groups and plant species diversity in Tang-e-pol Ziziphus spina-christii forest reserve in the Masjed Solieman

به ﻣﻨﻈﻮر ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﮔﺮوه ﮔﻮﻧﻪ ﻫﺎي اﮐﻮﻟﻮژﯾﮏ ﮔﯿﺎﻫﯽ و ﺗﻨﻮع ﮔﻮﻧﻪ اي ﭘﺲ از ﻗﺮق ﺑﻠﻨﺪ ﻣﺪت، اﯾﻦ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ در ذﺧﯿﺮه ﮔﺎه ﮐُﻨﺎر ﺗﻨﮓ ﭘﻞ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺴﺎﺣﺖ 107 ﻫﮑﺘﺎر در 40 ﮐﯿﻠﻮﻣﺘﺮي ﺟﻨﻮب ﺷﺮﻗﯽ شهرستان ﻣﺴﺠﺪ ﺳﻠﯿﻤﺎن در اﺳﺘﺎن ﺧﻮزﺳﺘﺎن اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪ. ﺑﻪ اﯾﻦ ﻣﻨﻈﻮر ﺗﻌﺪاد 60 ﻗﻄﻌﻪ ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺗﻔﮑﯿﮏ در زون ﻫﺴﺘﻪ ﻣﺮﮐﺰي و زون ﺿﺮﺑﻪ ﮔﯿـﺮ ذﺧﯿـﺮه ﮔـﺎه ﺑـﻪ اﺑﻌـﺎد 400 ﻣﺘﺮﻣﺮﺑـﻊ (20×20 ﻣﺘﺮ) ﺟﻬﺖ ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﻻﯾﻪ درﺧﺘﯽ و درﺧﺘﭽﻪ اي ذﺧﯿﺮه ﮔﺎه ﺑـﻪ روش ﺗﺼـﺎدﻓﯽ ﺳﯿﺴـﺘﻤﺎﺗﯿﮏ ﭘﯿـﺎده ﮔﺮدﯾـﺪ. ﺑﺮرﺳـﯽ ﭘﻮﺷﺶ ﻋﻠﻔﯽ ﻧﯿﺰ در ﻗﻄﻌﺎت ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﺑﻪ اﺑﻌﺎد 64 ﻣﺘﺮ ﻣﺮﺑﻊ (8×8 ﻣﺘﺮ) ﮐﻪ در ﻣﺮﮐﺰ ﻗﻄﻌﺎت ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ 400 ﻣﺘﺮ ﻣﺮﺑﻌﯽ ﭘﯿﺎده ﮔﺮدﯾﺪ، اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪ. ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮر ﺗﻌﯿﯿﻦ ﺳﻄﺢ ﻗﻄﻌﺎت ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ از روش ﭘﻼت ﺣﻠﺰوﻧﯽ وﯾﺘﺎﮐﺮ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﮔﺮدﯾﺪ. در ﻣﺠﻤﻮع در اﯾﻦ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ ﺗﻌﺪاد 80 ﮔﻮﻧﻪ ﮔﯿﺎﻫﯽ ﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﯾﯽ ﮔﺮدﯾﺪ. ﺗﺠﺰﯾﻪ و ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﺧﻮﺷﻪ اي (Cluster) ﻧﺸﺎن داد، زون ﻫﺴﺘﻪ ﻣﺮﮐﺰي و زون ﺿﺮﺑﻪﮔﯿـﺮ ذﺧﯿﺮهﮔـﺎه ﻫﺮ ﮐﺪام ﺗﺸﮑﯿﻞ ﯾﮏ ﮔﺮوه ﺑـﻮم ﺷﻨﺎﺧﺘﯽ ﻣﺠـﺰا را در ﻣﻨﻄﻘـﻪ داده اﻧـﺪ و ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮﯾﻦ ﻣﻘﺪار ﻏﻨـﺎي ﮔﻮﻧﻪ اي (0/63±24/06)، ﺗﻨـﻮع ﺳﯿﻤﭙﺴﻮن (0/043± 0/73)، ﺗﻨــﻮع ﺷﺎﻧﻮن- وﯾﻨـﺮ (0/022± 1/73) و ﯾﮑﻨــﻮاﺧﺘﯽ ﺷــﺎﻧﻮن- وﯾﻨــﺮ (0/003± 0/56) در زون ﻫﺴﺘﻪ ﻣﺮﮐﺰي ذﺧﯿﺮهﮔﺎه ﺑﺮآورد ﮔﺮدﯾﺪ. ﺑﺎﻻ ﺑﻮدن ﻣﯿﺰان ﺗﻨﻮع و ﻏﻨﺎي ﮔﻮﻧﻪ اي ﭘﻮﺷﺶ ﮔﯿﺎﻫﯽ در زون ﻫﺴﺘﻪ ﻣﺮﮐﺰي ﺑﺎ ﻗﺮق ﺑﻠﻨﺪ ﻣﺪت 10 ﺳﺎﻟﻪ را ﻣﯽ ﺗﻮان ﺑﻪ ﻋﻠﺖ ﻋﺪم ﭼﺮا و ورود دام ﭘـﺲ از ﻣﺤﺼـﻮر ﺷـﺪن ﻣﻨﻄﻘـﻪ و رﺳﯿﺪن ﭘﻮﺷﺶ ﮔﯿﺎﻫﯽ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺮﺣﻠﻪ ي ﮐﻠﯿﻤﺎﮐﺲ و در ﻧﻬﺎﯾﺖ اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﻏﻨﺎ و ﺗﻨﻮع ﮔﻮﻧﻪ اي داﻧﺴﺖ. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﺣﺎﺻﻞ از اﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﻣﺒـﯿﻦ اﯾـﻦ ﻧﮑﺘﻪ ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﮐﻪ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ و ﭘﺎﯾﺶ ﺗﻮده ﻫﺎي ﺟﻨﮕﻠﯽ و اﻋﻤﺎل ﻗﺮق ﻣﻨﻄﻘﯽ ﻣﯽ ﺗﻮاﻧﺪ ﻧﻘﺶ ﻣﻮﺛﺮي در اﺣﯿﺎي روﯾﺸﮕﺎه ﻫﺎي ﺟﻨﮕﻠﯽ داشته باشد

In order to evaluation of exclosure effect on plant ecological groups and plant biodiversity, this study in Tang-e-pol Ziziphus spina-christii reserve by 107 hectare in 40 kilometer of south east of Masjed Solieman in Khuzestan province was done. For this study of tree and shrub layer, 60 sample plots (400 m2) were taken by means of random systematic method. Herbaceous species by 64 m2 sample plots in center of 400 m2 plots were recorded. In order to record the herbaceous species, the Whitaker’s snail plot method was applied. This area included 80 plant species. Cluster analysis showed the nucleus zone and fender zone in Ziziphus spina-christii forest reserve was composed of two distinct ecological groups in this region. In terms highest values of plant species diversity in nucleus zone of forest reserve was estimated. Results of this study was illustrate, forest stands monitoring and apply logical exclosure can have effective role in restoring forest habitats.