تعامل بين سبك زندگي پايدار و توسعه پايدار خانواده هاي روستايي

Interaction between Sustainable Lifestyle and Sustainable Development among Rual Families

مقدمه:امروزه پايداري خانواده هاي روستايي در دو حوزه سبك زندگي و توسعه اقتصادي - اجتماعي از اهميت برجسته اي برخوردار است و ازآنجاكه ناپايداري خانواده ها در حوزه هاي مذكور موجب ناپايداري جامعه در سطح كلان مي شود، بنابراين لازم است با اجراي پژوهشهايي، رابطه اين دو حوزه در جهت پايداري خانواده هاي روستايي بررسي ش.ئ تا زمينه توجه سياست گذاران و برنامه ريزان، براي تحقق پايداري اقتصادي-اجتماعي و سبك زندگي در روستاها فراهم شود. بر همين اساس، تحقيق حاضر با تلفيقي از نظريه هاي اينگلهارت، وبر و بورديو به بررسي رابطه تعاملي بين سبك زندگي پايدار و توسعه پايدار اقتصادي-اجتماعي در سطح خانواده هاي روستايي مي پردازد. روش: روش تحقيق پيمايش و نمونه آماري شامل 376 نفر از سرپرستان خانواده هاي روستايي شهرستان بستان آباد بود كه بر اساس فرمول كوكران و با شيوه هاي نمونه گيري خوشه اي چندمرحله اي، طبقه بندي شده متناسب و تصادفي ساده انتخاب و پيمايش شدند. يافته ها: بين سبك زندگي پايدار و توسعه پايدار اقتصادي-اجتماعي در سطح خانواده هاي روستايي همبستگي وجود دارد كه دراين بين، سبك زندگي پايدار بيشترين همبستگي را با پايداري اقتصادي اين خانواده ها داشته است. در نقطه مقابل نيز، سبك زندگي پايدار خانواده ها در بُعد اقتصادي بالاترين همبستگي را با توسعه پايدار آنها داشته است. بحث: اگرچه ادبيات نظري موجود صرفاً بر رابطه يك سويه و علي ميان سبك زندگي و توسعه پايدار تاكيد دارند، اما نتايج تحقيق حاضر، افق نظري خود را فراتر نهاده و با مفروض گرفتن رابطه همبستگي بين اين دو متغير، به آزمون تجربي آن پرداخت كه نتايج نيز دلالت بر آن داشت. اين نتيجه، افق نظري و مطالعاتي جديدي را حوزه مطالعاتي سبك زندگي و توسعه مي گشايد.

Introduction: Today، the sustainability of families in rural areas in two lifestyle and socio-economic development spheres is the prominent importance and since the unsustainability of families in above two areas results in unsustainability of society in macro level، therefore، it is necessary to investigate the relationship between these two domains for the sustainability of rural families in order to provide the attention of policy makers and planners in order to achieve socio-economic sustainability and lifestyle in villages. One of the shortcomings in the literature in this area is the lack of studies that examine the interaction and interrelationship between lifestyle and sustainable development; perhaps all previous studies have addressed the relationship between one-direction one of these and the interactions between these two have been neglected. The present study using integrated theory of Ronald Inglehart and Max Weber theories seek to examine the interactional relationship between the style of life and its components with sustainable socio-economic development. Method: Survey research method was and statistical community in the present study supervisors’ rural families’ township take Bostanabad 18645 households in 1395 year. The number of 376 people on the basis of Cochran formula and cluster multistage and simple random sampling methods selected and have been surveyed. In this way، from nine districts in the county، three villages were randomly selected and each village was randomly assigned to a village. Finally، according to the population size of the selected villages، by proportional sampling method، the sample size of each villages were determined and randomly selected and surveyed. Findings: In general، the sustainability of rural households in terms of sustainable development was more than average. The level of economic sustainability of rural families and attention to its indicators among families was more than average، but the social sustainability of rural families is not acceptable and is close to the average. Regarding the sustainability of the lifestyle، the results showed that in sum of the patterns of consumption، values، systemicity، religiosity، social structure، economic structure and identity under the name of lifestyle، the rate of sustainability of the lifestyle among rural families were lower than the average. The most sustainability of rural families in lifestyle was related to the two dimensions of religiosity and identity، the real mean of these two dimensions was higher than their assumed and expected mean. Also، based on analytical results، there is a positive and significant correlation between lifestyle and socio-economic sustainability. Economic sustainability component of the sustainable development of the highest rates of solidarity with the lifestyle. In other words، if rural families increase their lifestyle، religiosity، systemicity، identity، economic capital، social capital and consumption patterns in order to sustaining، as well as family sustainability in the dimensions of economic and social development will be enhanced. On the other hand، when we find out the correlation between the dimensions of sustainable lifestyle and the sustainable socio-economic development of families، we find that the correlation between the economic lifestyle and the socio-economic sustainability of the family are at a high level compared with other dimensions. In the context of sustainable social development، lifestyle in the dimension of consumption pattern has the highest correlation with the social sustainability of rural families، which shows that the consumption pattern of rural households in food، clothing and housing will be improved for sustainability، social sustainability will also be improved. Conversely، the non-sustainable orientation of consumption pattern at the household level will lead to greater social unsustainable. Discussion: Economic، technological and socio-political changes in the villages، especially since the Islamic Revolution، and as a consequence of the divergent and deviant modernity that has been characterized by the lag of social dimension of economic at the level of villages، culture and in the broader sense، the lifestyle of rural society has changed in indicators such as identity، economy، social structure، and so on. If، from Bourdieu’s angle، we look at these economic، technological and other changes، we must say that these developmental changes and transformations and the resulting lived experiences of its (field) lead to the formation of subjective structures (habitus) in the villagers، which are different and sometimes contradictory to previous mental structures. These changes، as modernity carriers، change the habitus of individuals، and this habitual change in turn contributes to the production and reproduction of tastes in different areas of lifestyle. In the opposite direction، this change in lifestyle will change the sustainability of socio-economic development in rural society. Also، although theoretical literature focuses solely on the one-to-one relationship between lifestyle and sustainable development، the results of this study exceed the theoretical horizon and by assuming the correlation between these two variables، has been done the empirical test of this correlation، which also implies it did. This results in a new theoretical and study horizons in the field of lifestyle and development studies.