بررسي رابطهٔ تنظيم‌ شناختي هيجان و تاب‌‌ آوري در خانواده‌‌هاي داراي كودكان استثنايي با نقش واسطه‌‌اي ذهن‌‌ آگاهي

Relationship between Cognitive-emotional Regulation and Resiliency in Families with Children with Special Needs: Investigating the Role of Mindfulness as a Mediator

هدف: والدين داراي كودك استثنايي به‌دليل مشكلاتي كه به‌خاطر فرزندشان با آن رودررو شده‌اند، نياز به الگوهاي سازگاري و حمايتي قوي دارند. هدف از اين پژوهش بررسي رابطهٔ تنظيم‌شناختي هيجان و تاب‌آوري در خانواده‌هاي داراي كودكان استثنايي با نقش واسطه‌اي ذهن‌آگاهي است. روش‌بررسي: پژوهش از نوع همبستگي بود. براي تجزيه‌وتحليل اطلاعات نرمافزار SPSS نسخهٔ 21 به‌كار گرفته شد. در اين پژوهش از پرسشنامهٔ تاب‌آوري خانواده (سيكبي، 2005) و پرسشنامهٔ تنظيم‌شناختي-هيجان (گارنفسكي، 2001) و پرسشنامهٔ ذهن‌آگاهي (بائر، 2006) استفاده گرديد. نمونه شامل 264 والدين (پدرومادر) دانش‌آموز (105 پسر و 159 دختر) بود كه به‌شيوهٔ نمونه‌گيري خوشه‌اي از مدارس مختلف انتخاب شدند. يافته‌ها: نتايج نشان داد تنظيم‌شناختي-هيجان توان پيش‌بيني تاب‌آوري را دارد. همچنين، همبستگي تنظيم‌شناختي-هيجان با تاب‌آوري (r= 0.36, p<0.01)و با ذهن‌آگاهي (r=0.42, p<0.01).مثبت و معنادار و همبستگي بين تاب‌آوري و ذهن‌آگاهي نيز مثبت و معنادار است (r=0/17, p<0.01) نتيجه‌گيري: براساس نتايج اين تحقيق هريك از ابعاد تنظيم‌شناختي-هيجان تاب‌آوري را پيش‌بيني مي‌كند. درصورتي‌كه متغير واسطه‌اي ذهن‌آگاهي در فهم و درك رابطهٔ بين تنظيم‌شناختي و تاب‌آوري اساسي نيست.

Background & Objective: Parents of children with special needs require highly adaptive and supportive patterns due to the problems they face because of their children. The purpose of this study was examining the relationship between cognitive-emotional regulation and resiliency in families who have exceptional children with mindfulness playing the role of mediator. Methods: This study was correlational. The participants were 264 students' parents (105 boys and 159 girls) who were selected via cluster random sampling from different schools. The research instruments were family resiliency scale (Sikbi, 2005), cognitive emotional scale (Garanfski, 2001), and mindfulness scale (Baer, 2006). Statistical Package for Social Sciences software (SPSS) version 21 was used to analyze the data. Results: Results of this study showed that cognitive emotional regulation could predict resiliency. Moreover, there was a significantly positive correlation between cognitive emotional regulation at and(r= 0.36, p<0.01 and resiliency. Additionally, a significant correlation was found between resiliency and mindfulness (r=0.42, p<0.01). Moreover, it was found that the negative predictors of resiliency were as follows: emotion regulation, self- blaming, making disasters, blaming others, adopting views and obsessing the mind negatively. The positive predictors of resiliency were as follows: acceptance, reconcentration on the planning and positive revaluation. Resiliency can explain 18 percent of cognitive regulation variance. Together resiliency and mindfulness can predict 26 percent of variance on the same scale. Thus, entering mindfulness into the regression equation increased coefficient of determination by 8%. Conclusion: It is concluded that cognitive emotional regulation could predict resiliency. Furthermore, mindfulness is not essential as mediator variable for the perception of relation between cognitive regulation and resiliency.