كليدواژه :
كلاس‌هاي هوشمند , ويدئو پروژكتور , تابلو هوشمند , ارگونومي و سلامت
چكيده فارسي :
زمينه و هدف: اهميت استفاده از فناوري ارتباطات و اطلاعات در مدارس بايد با حفظ استانداردهاي ارگونومي باشد. اين مطالعه با هدف شناسايي رابطهٔ ارگونومي كلاس‌هاي هوشمند و تأثير آن بر سلامت عمومي فراگيران انجام گرفت.
روش‌بررسي: اين پژوهش از نوع كاربردي و همبستگي بود كه در سال 1394 انجام شد. با روش نمونه‌گيري طبقه‌اي‌تصادفي، تعداد 540 نفر از دانش‌آموزان دختر و پسر پايهٔ ششم ابتدايي مشغول به تحصيل در كلاس‌هاي هوشمند شهرستان بهشهر، انتخاب شدند. حجم نمونه، بااستفاده از جدول كرجسي‌ومورگان 225 نفر تعيين شد. براي سنجش ارگونومي كلاس هوشمند كه داراي مؤلفه‌هاي بيولوژيكي و فني و مكانيكي بود، داده‌ها بااستفاده از پرسشنامهٔ محقق‌ساخته جمع‌آوري شدند. جهت سنجش سلامتي از پرسشنامهٔ استاندارد سلامت عمومي گلدبرگ و هيل استفاده شد. تحليل داده‌ها با نرم افزار SPSS و بررسي فرضيه‌هاي تحقيق با آزمون همبستگي پيرسون و نيز رگرسيون انجام شد
يافته‌ها: يافته‌هاي تحقيق نشان مي‌دهد كه بين مؤلفه‌هاي ارگونومي كلاس‌هاي هوشمند (معيارهاي بيولوژيكي، معيارهاي فني مدرسه و عوامل مكانيكي) با سلامتي عمومي فراگيران رابطهٔ مثبت وجود دارد.
نتيجه‌گيري: باتوجه به نتايج اين مطالعه هر چه نمرهٔ ارگونومي در كلاس‌هاي هوشمند افزايش يابد ميزان سلامت دانش‌آموزان وضعيت مطلوب‌تري خواهد داشت.
چكيده لاتين :
Background and objective: Although using Information Communication Technology (ICT) is beneficial in schools, ergonomics standards
should not be compromised. Non-compliance with environmental ergonomics and the use of inappropriate tools have adverse effects on the
perception of physical pain and the performance of cardiovascular, respiratory, musculoskeletal and metabolic rate of students. Researchers in
the field of infrastructure are increasingly paying attention to ergonomics. The consequences of compromising standards can be very critical as
it can have unfavorable effects on health, safety and productivity of the students. Physiologists analyzing obesity, heart disease, and diabetes
have found that the act of sitting shuts down the circulation of a fat-absorbing enzyme called lipase. They have also found that standing up
engages muscles and promotes the distribution of lipase, which prompts the body to process fat and cholesterol, independent of the amount of
time spent exercising. They have also reported that standing up uses blood glucose and may discourage the development of diabetes. In a
classroom situation, sometimes, physical or psychological learning does not fit with the type of training or equipment that is used in an
environment in which they live or work. Promoting full inclusion in educational environments of ICT includes knocking down simple physical
barriers by building up everyone's skills and knowledge of the principles of ergonomics and understanding of assistive technology solutions.
This study identifies ergonomic challenges present in the classroom environment and provides solutions that can assist with improving posture
and enhance the students’ ability to focus on learning and promote inclusion. This study aimed to identify the ergonomics relationship of smart
classes and its impact on general health of students.
Methods: This study was carried out in 2015. Random stratified sampling was used to recruit 540 students from sixth grade boys and girls
studying in smart class of Behshahr-Iran. The size of the sample was determined by Krejcie and Morgan table to be 225 participants. A
questionnaire was used to collect data with respect to the ergonomics of smart class in terms of biological, technical, mechanical aspects. General
Health Questionnaires developed by Goldberg and Hiller was used to assess the health of the students. Pearson correlation test and regression
were used to analyze the data.
Results: The research findings show that from among the components ergonomics of smart classes, biological criteria, technical criteria and
mechanical factors were significantly related to the health of students (p<0.001).
Conclusion: The results of this study indicate that increased ergonomics improves the general health of the students. Principles of usage of the
smart equipment in smart classrooms can have a significant impact on the health of students. In a technical evaluation of a smart class, it is very
important to overcome technical problems to fix them. Hence, it is necessary for the department of education officials and school administrators
to provide required facilities to comply with ergonomics of smart schools, so that the health of the students is not jeopardized.
