چكيده فارسي :
زمينه و هدف: لكنت شناخته‌شده‌ترين اختلال درزمينهٔ رواني گفتار بوده و باوجود بررسي‌هاي گسترده هنوز به‌صورت اختلالي چندبعدي باقي مانده است. هدف از انجام پژوهش حاضر، بررسي تأثير گفتاردرماني همراه با رفتاردرماني شناختي مديريت استرس بر كاهش شدت لكنت افراد 12 تا 18 سال، در شهر اصفهان بود.
روش‌بررسي: پژوهش حاضر، نيمه‌آزمايشي همراه با پيش‌آزمون و پس‌آزمون با گروه كنترل بود. جامعهٔ آماري پژوهش را تمامي نوجوانان دختر داراي لكنت بين سنين 12 تا 18 سال تشكيل دادند كه در پاييز و زمستان سال 1396 به كلينيك‌هاي دولتي و خصوصي گفتاردرماني شهر اصفهان مراجعه كردند. به روش نمونه‌گيري دردسترس تعداد 34 نفر انتخاب شدند. از اين نمونه 17 نفر در گروه آزمايش و 17 نفر در گروه كنترل قرار گرفتند. گفتاردرمانگر آن‌ها پيش‌آزمون را انجام داد. هم‌زمان با جلسات گفتاردرماني جلسات رفتاردرماني شناختي براي گروه آزمايش انجام شد؛ سپس از آن‌ها پس‌آزمون به‌عمل آمد. ابزار استفاده‌شده در اين پژوهش آزمون شدت لكنت SSI4 بود. داده‌ها بااستفاده از آمار توصيفي (ميانگين و انحراف معيار) و آمار استنباطي (تحليل كوواريانس) با نرم‌افزار SPSS نسخهٔ 23 تجزيه‌وتحليل شدند.
يافته‌ها: نتايج بهبود معناداري در نمرات بسامد و ديرش و رفتارهاي فيزيكي همراه در گروه آزمايش درمقايسه با گروه كنترل نشان داد (0٫001>p)
نتيجه‌گيري: براساس نتايج پژوهش حاضر، گفتاردرماني همراه با رفتاردرماني شناختي مديريت استرس مي‌تواند به بهبود لكنت نوجوانان بيانجامد؛ بنابراين، مي‌توان از گفتاردرماني و رفتاردرماني شناختي مديريت استرس هم‌زمان براي بهبود لكنت در افراد و درمان سريع‌تر آنان استفاده كرد.
چكيده لاتين :
Background and objective: Stuttering is a motor disorder that disrupts the fluent and connected speech flow and appears with different
severities. As a special childhood phenomenon, it begins in the age range of 6 to 7, which coincides with the development of emotional and
social adaptability, when children are most susceptible to this disorder and in some exceptional cases in early childhood at the age range of 2-4.
Some people who have stuttered in the early stages of puberty continue to do so well into the adulthood. This disorder is more common among
boys than girls in proportion of two to one. In fact, the reasons for stuttering among children are not yet known. However, what is somewhat
clear is that it cannot have a single cause. Rather, a cohort of physical, emotional, or social causes often causes it. Many people with stuttering
have some neurological discomfort and social inaccuracies. However, it is very difficult to determine whether such mental disorders are the
cause of stuttering. In some cases, stuttering may be due to inadequacies and disorders of the nervous system; in other cases, stuttering from
childhood may be due to some mild physiological abnormalities. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of speech therapy with
stress management on reducing the severity of stuttering among individuals over 18 years old in Isfahan-Iran.
Methods: This is a two-group pretest-posttest quasi-experimental study. The population consisted of all people between the age of 18 to 25
years’ old who went to public and private speech therapy clinics in Isfahan in autumn and winter of 2017. Convenience sampling used to recruit
34 participants. The participants were assigned to the experimental and control groups in equal numbers. The experimental group received speech
therapy with stress management. The research instrument was The Stuttering Test (SSI4). SSI4 is one of the most important and most reliable
stuttering severity measures. This instrument used as a partial description of stuttering and outcome measurement. The inter-reliability of this
instrument is 0.93 to 0.98. Riley developed this instrument in 2009, translated, and normed by Tahmasebi in Iran. Covariance analysis used to
analyze the data through Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) software version 21.
Results: The results showed significant improvement in frequency, duration and physical behavior (p< 0.001) with the score of experimental
group compared with the score of control group.
Conclusion: The study showed that speech therapy in conjunction with stress management via cognitive behavioral therapy could improve adult
stutter. Thus, the aforementioned method can be used for treating adult stuttering.
