كليدواژه :
اختلال مصرف مواد , درمان «پذيرش و تعهد» , رضايت از زندگي , عملكرد جنسي
چكيده فارسي :
هدف: اختلالهاي مصرف مواد از اختلالهاي شايع و بسيار ناتوانكننده در زنان و مردان است كه پيامدهاي زيادي، ازجمله كاهش عملكرد جنسي و رضايت از زندگي، را در پي دارد. متخصصان بهداشت رواني براي پيشگيري و درمان اين اختلالها درمانهاي دارويي و روانشناختيِ متنوعي مثل سمزدايي، درمان نگهدارنده با متادون، نوروفيدبك، روانتحليلي، درمانهاي رفتاري، درمانهاي شناختي-رفتاري، درمانهاي حمايتي، درمانهاي عقلاني-هيجاني و رفتاري را بهصورت فردي يا گروهي استفاده ميكنند. يكي از درمانهايي كه ميتواند در درمان اختلالهاي مصرف مواد و پيامدهاي مرتبط با آنها استفاده شود، درمان «پذيرش و تعهد» است. پژوهش حاضر با هدف بررسي اثربخشي درمان «پذيرش و تعهد» در عملكرد جنسي و رضايت از زندگي زنان مبتلا به اختلال مصرف مواد انجام شد.
روشبررسي: پژوهش حاضر، مطالعهاي آزمايشي با طرح پيشآزمون-پسآزمون براي گروه كنترل بود. جامعۀ آماري اين پژوهش شامل تمامي زنان مبتلا به اختلال مصرف مواد شهر قوچان بود كه تعداد 30نفر از آنها بهروش نمونهگيريِ در دسترس انتخاب و بهصورت تصادفي در دو گروه آزمايش (15نفر) و كنترل (15نفر) جايدهي شدند. گروهها ازنظر متغيرهاي جمعيتشناختي با يكديگر همتا گرديدند. براي افراد گروه آزمايش، درمان «پذيرش و تعهد» در مداخلۀ 8جلسهاي انجام شد، درحاليكه براي گروه كنترل چنين مداخلهاي صورت نگرفت. شركتكنندگان پرسشنامۀ «رضايت از زندگي» (1985) و «شاخص عملكرد جنسي» (2000) را تكميل كردند. دادههاي پژوهش بهكمك نرمافزار آماري SPSS نسخۀ 22 و با استفاده از شاخصهاي آمار توصيفي و تحليل كوواريانس چندمتغيره، تجزيهوتحليل شد.
يافتهها: نتايج تحليل كوواريانس نشان داد كه با حذف اثر نمرههاي پيشآزمون، درمان «پذيرش و تعهد» باعث بهبود عملكرد جنسي (0٫01=p) و ابعاد آن، يعني ميل (0٫001=p)، برانگيختگي (0٫001=p)، ارگاسم (0٫001=p)، رضايت (0٫003=p) و درد (0٫003=p) و همچنين افزايش رضايت از زندگي زنان مبتلا به اختلال مصرف مواد گروه آزمايش درمقايسه با زنان گروه كنترل ميشود (0٫001=p).
نتيجهگيري: باتوجهبه يافتههاي بهدستآمده از اين پژوهش ميتوان نتيجه گرفت كه درمان «پذيرش و تعهد» روش سودمندي براي بهبود عملكرد جنسي و افزايش رضايت از زندگي زنان مبتلا به اختلال مصرف است و درمانگران ميتوانند از اين رويكرد درماني براي بهبود عملكرد جنسي و رضايت از زندگي مبتلايان به اختلال مصرف استفاده كنند.
چكيده لاتين :
Objective: Substance use disorders are serious, common and highly disabling mental disorders in men and women, which can cause substantial
distress and impairment in individuals and place an enormous burden on society. Furthermore, they are associated with significant health related
consequences including changes in brain circuits, increased depressive disorders, anxiety disorders, sleep disorders, neurocognitive disorders,
sexual dysfunction and decreased life satisfaction. Various pharmacological and psychological treatments such as detoxification, methadone
maintenance therapy, neurofeedback, analytical psychotherapy, behavioral therapy, cognitive behavioral therapy and rational emotive behavior
therapy are used to treat substance use disorders and their health related consequences. Nonetheless, recently, Acceptance and Commitment
Therapy has been increasingly gaining momentum among therapists as well as academicians. As a behavioral and cognitive intervention, this
therapeutic approach uses acceptance and mindfulness processes as well as commitment and behavior change processes to produce psychological
flexibility. Therefore, the aim of present study was to investigate the effect of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy on the sexual function and
life satisfaction in women with substance use disorders.
Methods: This is a two-group pretest-posttest quasi-experimental research. The population of the study was all women with substance use
disorders in Ghoochan- Iran. Thirty women with substance use disorder were selected through convenience Sampling. The participants (N=30)
were assigned to the experimental and control groups in equal numbers. The participants in each group were matched for demographic
characteristics with the comparison group. The participants were administered Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS; Diener, Emmons, Larsen &
Griffin, 1985) and Female Sexual Function Indices (FSFI; Rosen et al., 2000). Following pre-test administration, the experimental group
participated in 8 sessions of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy, while the control group did not receive any treatment. The post -test was
administered at the conclusion of the treatment. Inclusion criteria were having substance use disorder, non-participation in other treatment
programs during the study and informed consent. Exclusion criteria were absenteeism of more than one session, participation in the other
psychotherapies and unwillingness to continue cooperating with the research project. Multivariate analysis of covariance was used to analyze
the data through SPSS software version 22.
Results: The age average of participants in the experimental and control groups were 39.21±7.41 and 41.66±6.99 years, respectively. There
were no significant differences between the two groups in the demographic characteristics, namely, age average, education and employment
status. Results of multivariate covariance analysis showed that sexual function (P<0.001) and life satisfaction (P<0.001) average scores in the
experimental group increased statistically significantly in comparison to the control group as shown in the scores obtained in the post-treatment
test. Also, there were significant improvement in dimensions of sexual function average scores, namely desire (P<0.001), arousal (P<0.001),
orgasm (P<0.001), satisfaction (P<0.003) and pain reduction (P<0.003) in the experimental group compared with control group at post-treatment.
Conclusion: It can be concluded that Acceptance and Commitment Therapy is useful for the improvement of sexual function. In addition, it
increases life satisfaction in women with substance use disorders. As such, it is suggested that therapists should use this therapeutic approach for
improving sexual function and life satisfaction among women with substance use disorder.