تحليل و تفسير داستان دزآشوب بزرگ علوي بر اساس نظريه جامعه شناسي محتوا

An Analysis and Interpretation of Bozorg Alavi’s Dezashoub Based on the Sociology of Content Theory

ﺑﺰرگ ﻋﻠﻮي ﯾﮑﯽ از ﺑﺰرﮔﺘﺮﯾﻦ داﺳﺘﺎن ﻧﻮﯾﺴﺎﻧﯽ اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ در ﺗﮑﺎﻣﻞ داﺳﺘﺎن ﮐﻮﺗﺎه و ﮔﺴﺘﺮش آن در ادﺑﯿﺎت ﻣﻌﺎﺻﺮ ﻧﻘﺶ ﺑﺴﺰاﯾﯽ دارد. او در داﺳﺘﺎن ﻫﺎﯾﺶ ﺑﺎ واﻗﻊ ﮔﺮاﯾﯽ اﻧﺘﻘﺎدي ﺑﻪ ﺑﯿﺎن ﻣﺴﺎﺋﻞ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ ﻣﯽ ﭘﺮدازد و ﻫﻤﯿﻦ داﺳﺘﺎن ﻫﺎ ﻣﺎ را ﺑﺎ ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ اي ﮐﻪ ﻋﻠﻮي در آن ﻣﯽ زﯾﺴﺘﻪ، آﺷﻨﺎ ﻣﯽ ﮐﻨﺪ. ﯾﮑﯽ از داﺳﺘﺎن ﻫﺎي او دزآﺷﻮب ﻧﺎم دارد. در اﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺗﻼش ﺑﺮ اﯾﻦ اﺳﺖ ﺗﺎ ﺑﻪ روش ﺗﻮﺻﯿﻔﯽ- ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻠﯽ ﺑﺮ ﻣﺒﻨﺎي ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ ﺷﻨﺎﺳﯽ ﻣﺤﺘﻮا اﯾﻦ داﺳﺘﺎن ﻣﻮرد ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﻗﺮار ﮔﯿﺮد. اﯾﻦ ﺟﺴﺘﺎر ﻧﺸﺎن ﻣﯽ دﻫﺪ ﮐﻪ ﮔﺮﭼﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺗﺤﻮل ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ، دﺧﺘﺮان روﺳﺘﺎﯾﯽ ﺑﺎ رﻓﺘﻦ ﺑﻪ ﺷﻬﺮ ﻗﺎدر ﺑﻪ اداﻣﻪ درس ﺧﻮاﻧﺪن ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ اﻣﺎ ﺗﻔﺎوت ﺑﯿﻦ اﻣﮑﺎﻧﺎت ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ ﺷﻬﺮي و روﺳﺘﺎﯾﯽ و ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮓ ﻣﺘﻔﺎوت اﯾﻦ دو ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ ﺑﺎﻋﺚ ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮد ﮐﻪ ﺑﺴﯿﺎري از دﺧﺘﺮان در ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮓ ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ ﺷﻬﺮي ﺣﻞ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ و دﯾﮕﺮ ﺑﻪ روﺳﺘﺎي ﺧﻮد ﺑﺎز ﻧﮕﺮدﻧﺪ.

Bozorg Alavi is among those great Iranian writers who play a significant role in the evolution and development of short story writing in Iranian contemporary literature. Taking a critical realism approach in his stories, Alavi writes about the society and lets his readers to know about the community in which he used to live. Dezashoub is among his stories which reflect the changing milieu of his time. The present research has tried, via a descriptive-analytical approach, to consider the story of Dezashoub based on the sociology of content theory to unveil how the social life of people may change. The research revealed despite the fact that after modern social developments rural girls have found the opportunity to leave their village for big cities in order to enjoy schooling and higher education, they never go back to live in their villages, because the huge difference between the rural and urban facilities as well as the altered culture and lifestyle make them prefer the new urban life over their previous rural one.