ارتباط فعاليت فيزيكي ، افسردگي و برخي از ويژگي هاي دموگرافيك با اختلالات شناختي در سالمندان اميركلا

Association of Physical Activity, Depression and Some Demographic Features with Cognitive Impairments in an Elderly Population in Amirkola, North of Iran

سابقه و هدف: اختلالات شناختي از بيماري هاي شايع دوران سالمندي است كه بار اقتصادي و اجتماعي زيادي را به جامعه تحميل مي كند. با توجه به فقدان اطلاعات كافي در منطقه، هدف از انجام اين مطالعه بررسي ارتباط بين فعاليت فيزيكي و برخي از ويژگي هاي دموگرافيك با اختلالات شناختي در سالمندان شهر اميركلا مي باشد. مواد و روش ها: اين مطالعه مقطعي بخشي از طرح كوهورت سالمندان شهر اميركلا 1(AHAP) بوده كه بر روي 1390 سالمند 60 سال و بالاتر در سال 91-1390 انجام شده است. جهت اندازه گيري وضعيت شناختي از تست MMSE (Mini Mental Estate Examination) و براي اندازه گيري فعاليت فيزيكي از پرسش نامه استاندارد PASE (The Physical Activity Scale for Elderly) استفاده شد. داده ها وارد spss19 گرديد و توسط آزمون هاي chi-square ، t-test، ضريب همبستگي پيرسون و رگرسيون لجستيك آناليز شد. استنتاج: نتايج اين مطالعه نشان دهنده فراواني كمتر اختلالات شناختي در افراد با فعاليت هاي فيزيكي بيش تر بود و اين ارتباط در زن ها بارزتر بود.

Background and purpose: Cognitive impairment is one of the common chronic diseases among elderly people which has huge social and economic burdens on the society but few studies have been conducted in this topic in north of Iran. The aim of this study was to assess the association between physical activity and some demographic features with cognitive impairments in elderly people in Amirkola, Iran. Materials and methods: This cross-sectional study was a part of the ‘Amirkola Health and Ageing Project’ (AHAP) that was carried out in 1390 elderly in 2011-2012. To measure cognitive status, the Mini Mental Estate Examination (MMSE) was used. The Physical Activity Scale for the Elderly (PASE) was also administered to assess physical activity levels. Data was analyzed in SPSS V19 using ttest, Chi-square, Pearson correlation, and logistic regression. Results: A total of 1390 elderly was studied including 763 (54.9%) males and 627 (45.1%) females. In this study, 421 elderly (30.3%) had abnormal MMSE and 1085 cases (78.1%) had low physical activity score. The mean of PASE was higher in people with normal MMSE (P=0.000) and a significant positive correlation was observed between physical activity and MMSE (r= 0.117, P= 0.000). Physical activity was found to be an effective variable on cognitive impairments. Conclusion: This study showed low frequency of cognitive impairments in elderly with higher levels of physical activity. This correlation was more considerable in females.