ماهيت و مزاياي اخلاق كاربردي اسلامي با تأكيد بر انديشه آيت الله جوادي آملي

The Nature and Advantages of Islamic Applied Ethics, with an emphasis on the opinions of Ayatollah Javadi Amoli

پژوهش در اخلاق كاربردي به جايي رسيده است كه از همه ظرفيت هاي علوم طبيعي، انساني و اجتماعي بهره مي برد. دراين ميان، دين و انديشه ديني يكي از ظرفيت هاي مهم براي پژوهشگران اين عرصه بوده است؛ تاجايي كه مي توان پرسيد اخلاق كاربردي اساسا سكولار است يا ديني. پژوهشگران باتوجه به حضور انديشمندان ديني در مراحل شكل گيري اين رشته و مزايا و رهاوردهاي انديشه ديني براي اخلاق كاربردي، در اطلاق عنوان سكولار (به ويژه معاني افراطي اش) بر مباحثه ها و مطالعه هاي اين رشته ترديد كرده اند. در اين مقاله ضمن شناسايي و تعريف اخلاق كاربردي اسلامي با تمركز بر مزايايي كه پژوهشگران ديني اخلاق كاربردي براي رويكرد ديني به آن برشمرده اند، با رويكردي اسلامي كه از انديشه استادجوادي آملي گرفته ايم، اين مزايا را ارزيابي و با مزاياي رويكرد اسلامي مقايسه كرده ايم. نگرشي اصيل و الهام بخش به حضور واقعي دين در زندگي انسان ها، رهيافتي تازه به بي طرفي اخلاقي و سازگاري آن با آزادي ديني، جمع اعتقاد به خدا و استحكام الزامات اخلاقي و رويكردي ممتاز به سلامت فاعل اخلاقي، از دستاوردهاي رويكرد اسلامي به اخلاق كاربردي است كه نتيجه اين مقاله است.

Applied ethics research studies, now has reached to the point that attempts to take advantage of all the capacities of natural, human and social sciences to progress its work. Religion and religious thought, In the meantime, have been one of the significant capacities for researchers in this field. To the extent that the question arises whether applied ethics is essentially secular or religious? Due to the presence of religious scholars at the stages of the formation of this discipline, and in the light of the advantages and favors that religious thought can have for applied ethics, scholars have challenged the use of the secular title (especially the extreme meanings of the word) on the discussions and studies of this field. In this paper, while identifying and defining the Islamic applied ethics, focusing on the benefits that religious scholars of ethics have counted for the religious approach, I have dealt with the Islamic approach of Ayatollah Javadi Amoli to assess these benefits and compare them with the benefits of the Islamic approach. A genuine and inspiring attitude with the true presence of religion in human life, a new approach to moral impartiality and its compatibility with religious freedom, the combination of belief in God and the strengthening of moral obligations and a distinctive approach to the well-being and healthiness of the moral agents, are some of the achievements of Islamic approach to applied ethics, which are the results of research in this paper.