تحليل و واكاوي روند شكل گيري سرمايه ي فرهنگي معلمان در ميدان آموزش و پرورش (مطالعه ي تجربي معلمان شهرستان بيرجند)

Study and Analysis of the process of the Teachers Cultural capital Formation in the Education field (An Empirical Study of the Teachers of Birjand County)

ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ اﻫﻤﯿﺖ ﺳﺮﻣﺎﯾﻪ ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮕﯽ در ﻣﯿﺪان آﻣﻮزش و ﭘﺮورش ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﺳﺮﻣﺎﯾﻪ ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮕﯽ ﻣﻌﻠﻤﺎن را ﺑﺮ اﺳﺎس ﭼﺎرﭼﻮب ﻧﻈﺮي ﭘﯿﺮ ﺑﻮردﯾﻮ ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﻣﯽ ﮐﻨﺪ. ﺣﺠﻢ ﻧﻤﻮﻧـﻪ 480 ﻧﻔـﺮ از ﻣﻌﻠﻤـﺎن ﺷﻬﺮﺳـﺘﺎن ﺑﯿﺮﺟﻨـﺪ اﺳﺖ، ﮐﻪ ﺑﻪ روش ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﮔﯿﺮي ﻃﺒﻘﻪ اي ﻣﺘﻨﺎﺳﺐ و ﺗﺼﺎدﻓﯽ ﺳﺎده اﻧﺘﺨﺎب ﺷﺪه اﻧﺪ. اﺑـﺰار ﺟﻤـﻊ آوري داده ﻫـﺎ ﭘﺮﺳﺸﻨﺎﻣﻪ اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﺑﺮاي ﺗﻌﯿﯿﻦ ﭘﺎﯾﺎﯾﯽ آن از ﺿﺮﯾﺐ آﻟﻔﺎي ﮐﺮوﻧﺒﺎخ اﺳـﺘﻔﺎده ﺷـﺪه اﺳـﺖ و ﻣﻘـﺪار آن 0/71 ﺑﻪ دﺳﺖ آﻣﺪه اﺳﺖ. ﺑﺮاي ﺳﻨﺠﺶ اﻋﺘﺒﺎر ﭘﺮﺳﺸـﻨﺎﻣﻪ از ﺗﮑﻨﯿـﮏ ﺗﺤﻠﯿـﻞ ﻋـﺎﻣﻠﯽ ﺗﺄﯾﯿـﺪي و اﻋﺘﺒـﺎر ﻣﺤﺘـﻮاﯾﯽ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ و ﺑﺮاي آزﻣﻮن ﻓﺮﺿـﯿﺎت ﺗﺤﻘﯿـﻖ از آزﻣﻮن ﻫـﺎي آﻣـﺎري ﻣﻨﺎﺳـﺐ در ﺳـﻄﺢ ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﻫـﺎي دوﻣﺘﻐﯿﺮه و ﭼﻨﺪﻣﺘﻐﯿﺮه اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد، ﻣﺎﻧﻨـﺪ ﺗﺤﻠﯿـﻞ رﮔﺮﺳـﯿﻮن، ﺗﺤﻠﯿـﻞ ﻋـﺎﻣﻠﯽ و ﻫﻤﺒﺴـﺘﮕﯽ ﻫﺎ ﺑـﺎ ﺑـﻪ ﮐﺎرﮔﯿﺮي ﻧﺮم اﻓﺰارﻫﺎي اس ﭘﯽ اس اس و ِاﻣﻮس اﺳـﺘﻔﺎده ﺷـﺪه اﺳـﺖ. ﻃﺒـﻖ ﯾﺎﻓﺘـﻪ ﻫﺎي ﺗﻮﺻـﯿﻔﯽ، ﻣﻮﻗﻌﯿـﺖ اﺟﺘﻤـﺎﻋﯽ ﻣﻌﻠﻤﺎن ﺑﺮﺣﺴﺐ ﺳﺮﻣﺎﯾﻪ ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮕﯽ در ﺳﻄﺢ ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻂ و ﺑﺮﺣﺴﺐ ﺳﺮﻣﺎﯾﻪ اﻗﺘﺼﺎدي در ﺳﻄﺢ ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻂ رو ﭘـﺎﯾﯿﻦ اﺳﺖ. ﺑﺮاﺳﺎس آزﻣﻮن ﻣﻌﺎدﻻت ﺳﺎﺧﺘﺎري، ﺳﺮﻣﺎﯾﻪ اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ ﻣﻌﻠﻤﺎن ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮرت ﻣﺴﺘﻘﯿﻢ، ﺳﺮﻣﺎﯾﻪ اﻗﺘﺼـﺎدي و ﺧﺎﺳﺘﮕﺎه اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ ـ اﻗﺘﺼﺎدي آنﻫـﺎ ﺑﻪ ﺻـﻮرت ﻣﺴـﺘﻘﯿﻢ و ﻏﯿﺮﻣﺴـﺘﻘﯿﻢ و ﺳـﺮﻣﺎﯾﻪ ﻧﻤـﺎدﯾﻦ ﻣﻌﻠﻤـﺎن ﻓﻘـﻂ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮرت ﻏﯿﺮﻣﺴﺘﻘﯿﻢ ﺷﮑﻞﮔﯿﺮي ﺳﺮﻣﺎﯾﻪ ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮕﯽ ﻣﻌﻠﻤﺎن را ﺗﺒﯿﯿﻦ ﻣﯽﮐﻨﺪ.

Considering the importance of cultural capital in the field of education ,the present research would study the teachers’ cultural capital based on the theoretical framework of PIERRE BOURDIEU .The sample includes 480 teachers elected according to a simple and well-proportioned classified sampling .The tool for collecting data is a questionnaire that its stability determined was 0 /71 using CRONBACH’s Coefficient Alpha .To the measurement of the questionnaire validity ,confirming factor analyzing techniques and the content validity. For testing the hypothesizes of the research appropriate statistic tests in the level of the standard multivariate and two- variate analysis including Regression analysis , factor analysis and correlations with application of SPSS and AMOS software’s are used. According to the descriptive findings, the social situation of the teachers in view of their cultural and economic capital volume is in an average and downward trend Based on Structural Equation Test, The social capital of teachers directly, Economic and socio-economic origins of their direct and indirect, and finally, Teachers symbolic capital only indirectly, explained teachers’ cultural capital formation.