بررسي تاثير همزيستي ميكوريزايي و كاربرد كودهاي آلي مختلف بر برخي از خصوصيات مورفولوژيكي زولنگ (Eryngium caeruleum)

Effects of mycorrhizal symbiosis and the application of different organic fertilizers on some morphological characteristics of Eryngium caeruleum

به منظور بررسي اثر محلول‌پاشي ورمي­واش، ورمي كمپوست و همزيستي ميكوريزايي بر برخي از خصوصيات مورفولوژيك زولنگ، آزمايشي به صورت فاكتوريل در قالب طرح كامل تصادفي با 4 تكرار در سال 1393 در ساري اجرا شد. فاكتورهاي آزمايش شامل ميكوريزا گونه Glomus moseae (صفر و 10 درصد حجمي)، ورمي كمپوست (صفر و 10 درصد حجمي) و ورمي­واش (صفر و 1/5 ليتر) بود. صفاتي از قبيل وزن خشك گل، ­ تعداد دانه در هر بوته، سطح برگ، تعداد ساقه، طول و عرض برگ و قطر گل مورد بررسي قرار گرفت. نتايج بدست آمده نشان داد تيمارهاي كود آلي و ميكوريزا تأثير معني‌دار بر سطح برگ، وزن خشك گل و ساير صفات مورد بررسي نسبت به شاهد داشت. اثرات متقابل سه‌گانه­ نشان داد كاربرد ورمي­ واش × كاربرد ورمي كمپوست × همزيستي ميكوريزايي سطح برگ را نسبت به شاهد افزايش داد. نتايج اين پژوهش نشان داد محلول‌پاشي ورمي­ واش و كاربرد ورمي كمپوست و همزيستي ميكوريزايي از طريق در دسترس قرار دادن عناصر غذايي موجب افزايش اجزاي عملكرد و بهبود صفات مورفولوژيك گياه زولنگ گرديد.

Eryngium caeruleum belongs to Apiaceae family and is a perennial plant. Fresh leves of this plant are used as vegetable in many parts of the country such as Mazandaran, Gilan and Golestan. Cultivation of medicinal plants with organic fertilizers and biological, pharmaceutical and negative effects on the quality of their performance reduces, (Griffe et al., 2003). Sustainable agriculture based on the use of bio-fertilizers for the purpose of eliminating or significantly reducing the use of chemical inputs, the optimal solution for overcoming these problems is comes to. The main aims of this study were the effect of Mycorrhizal symbiosis, use of vermi compost and vermiwash on growth, yield components and quantitative characteristics Eryngium caeruleum. Field experiment was carried out at Sari (53° 63´ E and 36° 82´ N and a height 43.3 meter from sea level), Mazadaran province, Iran in 2014-2015. The soil chemical characteristics were included 7.30 pH, 2.1% organic carbon, 1.15% total nitrogen, 5.5 ppm phosphorous and 280 ppm potassium. The trial was set up as a factorial experiment in a randomized complete block design with 4 replicates. The experimental factors were included biofertilizer with three levels (inoculation with Mycorrhiza, inoculation with vermi compost and vermiwash. For mycorrhiza treatments, Glomus mosseae strain was applied at 10% of each pot time of sowing. vermi compost 10% of each pot with animal origin was applied vermiwash with a volume of 1liters at the 4-5 leaf stage were sprayed on plant leaves. Data analysis All measurements were analyzed of variance with the using of SAS software. Means were evaluated by LSD test. The results showed that The combination of low input and ecological systems and Mycorrhizal symbiosis inoculation and organic fertilizers application such as vermiwash and vermi compost can substitute chemical fertilizers.The results of the study showed that organic fertilizers and mycorrhizal had significant impact on all measured characteristics and increased Flower diameter, Leaf length characteristics when compared with those of the control group So that the Leaf area, Leaf width were obtained from the mycorrhizal, compost tea and vermicomposting treatment. The application of vermicomposting, compost tea and mycorrhizal symbiosis through making the nutrients available increased plant growth, yield components and improve Eryngium caeruleum quantitative characteristics