رزﯾﺎﺑﯽ ﺻﻔﺎت ﻣﻮرﻓﻮﻟﻮژﯾﮑﯽ و ﺗﻮﻟﯿﺪﻣﺜﻠﯽ ﺗﻮدهﻫﺎي ﺟﻮدر(Hordeum spontaneum) اﯾﺮان در ﭘﺎﺳﺦ ﺑﻪ زﻣﺎن ﮐﺎرﺑﺮد ﻋﻠﻒﮐﺶ ﺳﻮﻟﻔﻮﺳﻮﻟﻔﻮرون (آﭘﯿﺮوس)

Evaluation of Morphological and Reproductive traits of Iranian Wild Barley (Hordeum spontaneum) Populations in Response to Sulfosulfuron Application

ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮر ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ اﺛﺮات ﻧﺎﺷﯽ از ﮐﺎرﺑﺮد ﻋﻠﻒﮐﺶ ﺳﻮﻟﻔﻮﺳﻮﻟﻔﻮرون در ﻣﺮﺣﻠﻪ دوﺑﺮﮔﯽ و ﮔﺮه دوم ﺳﺎﻗﻪ ﺟﻮدره ﺑﺮ ﺧﺼﻮﺻﯿﺎت ﻣﻮرﻓﻮﻟﻮژﯾﮏ و ﺗﻮﻟﯿﺪﻣﺜﻠﯽ ﺗﻮدهﻫﺎي ﺟﻮدره ﮐﺸﻮر، آزﻣﺎﯾﺸﯽ در ﺳﺎل زراﻋﯽ93-92 در ﺗﻬﺮان ﺑﺼﻮرت ﻓﺎﮐﺘﻮرﯾﻞ و در ﻗﺎﻟﺐ ﻃﺮح ﺑﻠﻮكﻫﺎي ﮐﺎﻣﻞ ﺗﺼﺎدﻓﯽ ﺑﺎ ﭼﻬﺎر ﺗﮑﺮار اﺟﺮا ﺷﺪ. ﻓﺎﮐﺘﻮر ﻧﺨﺴﺖ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ دو ﺳﻄﺢ ﮐﺎرﺑﺮد ﻋﻠﻒﮐﺶ ﺳﻮﻟﻔﻮﺳﻮﻟﻔﻮرون در ﻣﺮﺣﻠﻪ دوﺑﺮﮔﯽ (12=GS) وﮔﺮه دوم (32=GS) ﺟﻮدره و ﯾﮏ ﺳﻄﺢ ﺷﺎﻫﺪ ﺑﺪون ﻋﻠﻒﮐﺶ و ﻓﺎﮐﺘﻮر دوم 20 ﺗﻮده ﺟﻤﻊ آوري ﺷﺪه از ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﮐﺸﻮر ﺑﻮد. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﮐﻪ ﮐﺎرﺑﺮد ﻋﻠﻒﮐﺶ در ﻫﺮ دو ﻣﺮﺣﻠﻪ ﺑﺎﻋﺚ اﯾﺠﺎد اﺧﺘﻼف آﻣﺎري ﺑﺎ ﺷﺎﻫﺪ و ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﺗﻮان رﺷﺪ و ﺗﻮﻟﯿﺪﻣﺜﻠﯽ ﺟﻮدره ﺷﺪ اﻣﺎ ﮐﺎرﺑﺮد ﺳﻮﻟﻔﻮﺳﻮﻟﻔﻮرون در ﻣﺮﺣﻠﻪ ﮔﺮه دوم ﺳﺎﻗﻪ ﻣﻮﺛﺮﺗﺮ ﺑﻮد. ﺗﻮدهﻫﺎي ﻣﻮرد ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ در واﮐﻨﺶ ﺑﻪ ﺗﯿﻤﺎر ﻋﻠﻒﮐﺶ ﭘﺎﺳﺦﻫﺎي ﻣﻮرﻓﻮﻟﻮژﯾﮏ و ﺗﻮﻟﯿﺪﻣﺜﻠﯽ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻔﯽ را ﻧﺸﺎن دادﻧﺪ. ﺑﺪﯾﻦ ﺗﺮﺗﯿﺐ، ﮐﻪ ﺗﻮدهﻫﺎي ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ وراﻣﯿﻦ، اﺻﻔﻬﺎن، ﺷﻬﺮﺿﺎ و ﮔﻠﭙﺎﯾﮕﺎن ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺳﺎﯾﺮ ﺗﻮدهﻫﺎ از ﻧﻈﺮ ﺧﺼﻮﺻﯿﺎت ﻣﻮرﻓﻮﻟﻮژي و ﺗﻮﻟﯿﺪﻣﺜﻠﯽ ﮐﻤﺘﺮ و ﺗﻮدهﻫﺎي ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ ﺷﻮش، راﻣﻬﺮﻣﺰ، ﻓﺴﺎ ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮ ﺗﺤﺖ ﺗﺎﺛﯿﺮ ﻋﻠﻒﮐﺶ ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻨﺪ.

In order to evaluate the effects of sulfosulfuron application on morphological and reproductive traits of Iranian wild barley populations at two leaf and second node stages, an experiment was performed in Varamin region during 2013 and 2014 in the form of factorial randomized complete blocks design with four replications. The first factor included two levels of sulfosulfuron applications at two leaf (GS =12) and second node (GS = 32) stages of barley growth, and the control treatment was without herbicide. The second factor consisted of wild barley 20 populations, which were collected from across the country. Results showed that application of herbicide at above stages caused significant effects differences in terms of reduction of growth and reproduction of wild barley, but the use of herbicide at the second node stage was more effective. Populations showed differences in view of morphological and reproductive traits in response to herbicide treatments. Thus, the effect of herbicide on morphology and reproductive traits of Varamin, Isfahan, ShahReza and Golpayegan populations was the lowest, while on Shoush, Ramhormoz and Fasa populations was the highest.