تحليل و تبيين «تحقق خارجي ماهيت»

Analysis and Explanation of External Realization of Quiddity

در تفسير معناي «اصالت وجود و اعتباريت ماهيت» دو نظريه عمده وجود دارد. گروهي بر آنند كه؛ هر چند آنچه حقيقتا و بالذات ملاخارج را پر كرده وجود است اما از آنجا كه ماهيت چيزي جز تعين و نحوه وجود نيست، در خارج عين وجود و به تبع آن حقيقتا موجود است. در نقطه مقابل گروهي معتقدند؛ آنچه حقيقتا عالم عين را در بر گرفته است صرفا حقيقت وجود است و ماهيات تنها نمود و تصوير وجود در پرده ذهن آدمي مي باشند. از ديدگاه نظريه اول، اتحاد وجود و ماهيت چيزي جز عينيت خارجي ماهيت با وجود نيست ولي از ديدگاه نظريه دوم، اتحاد ماهيت با وجود صرفا به معناي صدق مفهوم ماهيت بر واقعيت خارجي مي باشد.

There are two main interpretations of the “fundamental reality of existence”. Some philosophers take the view that the real world is loaded with existence, but as quiddity is nothing more than the instantiation of existence, the two are identical. In contrast, there are other philosophers who argue that the world of reality is loaded by existence and quiddity is just an image of existence in the mind of human beings. According to the first theory, the unity of existence and quiddity is not but the real identity of the two. On the other hand, according to the second theory, the unity of these two means just the application of the concept of quiddity on reality. Although some statements of Sadrolmotalehin are in accord with the second theory, a comprehensive look on his philosophical principles and propositions leads us to the first theory. There are two significant types of evidence which confirm the claim: (1) similarity of the relationship which can be found between existence and quiddity with the relationship which exists between essence and qualities of the divine essence, and (2) Sadrolmalehin’s claim in his discussion of “mental existence” about the coincidence of mental quiddity with the quiddity which exists in the real world.