كاركردهاي مؤلفه هاي سلامت روانشناختي محيط كار در پيشگيري از ادراك تعارض كار خانواده

Functions of the components of psychological healthy workplace in preventing the work-family conflict perception

ﻣﻘﺪﻣﻪ: ﺗﻌﺎرض ﮐﺎر-ﺧﺎﻧﻮاده ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان ﯾﮑﯽ از ﻣﻬﻢ ﺗﺮﯾﻦ ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﻓﺸﺎر ﺷﻐﻠﯽ ﺑﻪ دﻟﯿﻞ ﺗﺎﺛﯿﺮي ﮐﻪ در ﺑﻬﺰﯾﺴﺘﯽ ﮐﺎرﮐﻨﺎن دارد، ﻣﻮرد ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﭘﮋوﻫﺸﮕﺮان ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ اﺳﺖ؛ ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮاﯾﻦ، ﻫﺪف از ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﭘﯿﺸﮕﯿﺮي از ادراك ﺗﻌﺎرض ﮐﺎر- ﺧﺎﻧﻮاده از ﻃﺮﯾﻖ ﺳﻼﻣﺖ رواﻧﺸﻨﺎﺧﺘﯽ و ﻣﺆﻟﻔﻪ ﻫﺎي آن ﺑﻮد. روش ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ: روش ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺎﻫﯿﺖ ﻣﻮﺿﻮع و اﻫﺪاف ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ از ﻧﻮع ﺗﻮﺻﯿﻔﯽ- ﻫﻤﺒﺴﺘﮕﯽ ﺑﻮد. ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ آﻣﺎري ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﮐﻠﯿﻪ ﮐﺎرﮐﻨﺎن ارﮔﺎنﻫﺎي دوﻟﺘﯽ ﯾﮑﯽ از ﺷﻬﺮﻫﺎي اﺳﺘﺎن اﺻﻔﻬﺎن ﺑﻮد ﮐﻪ 202 ﻧﻔﺮ از آنﻫﺎ ﺑﺎ روش ﺗﺼﺎدﻓﯽ ﺳﺎد اﻧﺘﺨﺎب ﺷﺪﻧﺪ. در اﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ از ﭘﺮﺳﺸﻨﺎﻣﻪﻫﺎي ﺗﻌﺎرض ﮐﺎر- ﺧﺎﻧﻮاده و ﺳﻼﻣﺖ رواﻧﺸﻨﺎﺧﺘﯽ ﻣﺤﯿﻂ ﮐﺎر اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﺪ. ﺑﺮاي ﺗﺠﺰﯾﻪ ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ دادهﻫﺎ از روش ﻫﻤﺒﺴﺘﮕﯽ ﭘﯿﺮﺳﻮن و رﮔﺮﺳﯿﻮن ﮔﺎم ﺑﻪ ﮔﺎم اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺑﻪ ﻋﻤﻞ آﻣﺪ. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ: ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﮐﻪ ﺑﯿﻦ ﺳﻼﻣﺖ رواﻧﺸﻨﺎﺧﺘﯽ ﻣﺤﯿﻂ ﮐﺎر و ﮐﻠﯿﻪ ﻣﺆﻟﻔﻪ ﻫﺎي آن ﺑﺎ ادراك ﺗﻌﺎرض ﮐﺎر- ﺧﺎﻧﻮاده راﺑﻄﻪ ﻣﻨﻔﯽ ﻣﻌﻨﺎدار وﺟﻮد دارد و از ﺑﯿﻦ ﻣﺆﻟﻔﻪ ﻫﺎي ﺳﻼﻣﺖ رواﻧﺸﻨﺎﺧﺘﯽ ﻣﺤﯿﻂ ﮐﺎر دﺳﺘﺮﺳﯽ ﺑﻪ ﭘﻮل 18/7 درﺻﺪ از ﺗﻐﯿﯿﺮات ﻣﺮﺑﻮط ﺑﻪ ﻣﺘﻐﯿﺮ ﻣﻼك (ادراك ﺗﻌﺎرض ﮐﺎر- ﺧﺎﻧﻮاده) را ﭘﯿﺶ ﺑﯿﻨﯽ ﻣﯽﮐﻨﺪ. ﻧﺘﯿﺠﻪ ﮔﯿﺮي: ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪ ﻫﺎي ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﮐﻪ راﺑﻄﻪ ﻗﻮي ﺑﯿﻦ 9 ﻣﻮﻟﻔﻪ ﺳﻼﻣﺖ رواﻧﺸﻨﺎﺧﺘﯽ ﻣﺤﯿﻂ ﮐﺎر ﺑﺎ ادراك ﺗﻌﺎرض ﮐﺎر-ﺧﺎﻧﻮاده وﺟﻮد دارد، اﻣﺎ دﺳﺘﺮﺳﯽ ﺑﻪ ﭘﻮل ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان ﯾﮑﯽ از اﯾﻦ ﻣﻮﻟﻔﻪ ﻫﺎ، ﻗﻮﯾﺘﺮﯾﻦ ﭘﯿﺶ ﺑﯿﻦ ادراك ﺗﻌﺎرض ﮐﺎر-ﺧﺎﻧﻮاده ﺑﻮد؛ ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮاﯾﻦ، ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ اﯾﻦ ﻣﻮﻟﻔﻪ ﻫﺎي ﺑﺴﯿﺎر ﻣﻬﻢ از ﻃﺮف ﻣﺪﯾﺮان ﺳﺎزﻣﺎن ﻫﺎ و ﺳﯿﺎﺳﺘﮕﺰاران، ﻣﯽﺗﻮان ادراك ﺗﻌﺎرض ﮐﺎر - ﺧﺎﻧﻮاده را ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان ﯾﮑﯽ از ﻣﻬﻤﺘﺮﯾﻦ ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ اﺳﺘﺮس ﻫﺎي ﺷﻐﻠﯽ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ داد.

Introduction: In today work settings, work-family conflict as a main stressor has become an important and influential factor as well as a strong predictor of various personal and work-related outcomes. Consequently, the main purpose of this research was to predict perceived work-family conflict through components of psychological healthy workplace. Methods: The study population included the employees of all public organizations of a city in Isfahan province, in the spring of 2016. Totally, 202 individuals were selected through random sampling. The research instruments consisted of work-family conflict and psychological healthy workplace questionnaires. Data were analyzed using Pearson's correlation test and stepwise multiple regression analysis. Results: The results showed that there was a significant negative relationship between all components of psychological healthy workplace with perceived work-family conflict (P<0/01). Moreover, the result of stepwise multiple regression analysis showed that, from all components of psychological healthy workplace, only access to money could predict significantly 18.7% of work- family conflict variances (P<0/01). Conclusion: According to the findings, despite the association between components of psychological healthy workplace with work-family conflict, "access to money" as one of the most important components is the strongest and the only predictor of work-family conflict. Consequently, work-family conflict perception could be decreased through increasing psychological healthy workplace components.