ﻋﻠﻞ و ﻋﻮاﻣﻞ ﻣﻮﺛﺮ ﺑﺮ آﺳﯿﺐ ﭘﺬﯾﺮي در اﯾﺴﺘﮕﺎه ﻫﺎي ﺗﻘﻠﯿﻞ ﻓﺸﺎر ﮔﺎز ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﻣﺪل SVA و روﯾﮑﺮد ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳﯽ ﺗﺎب آوري

Causes and risk factors of vulnerability with modified SVA model and Resilience Engineering approach in National Iranian Gas Company about one of City Gate Stations

ﻣﻘﺪﻣﻪ: ﯾﮏ ﺳﯿﺴﺘﻢ آﺳﯿﺐ ﭘﺬﯾﺮ، ﻇﺮﻓﯿﺖ ﺑﺎزﯾﺎﺑﯽ ﺳﺮﯾﻊ ﭘﺲ از ﺷﻮك ﻫﺎ را ﻧﺪاﺷﺘﻪ و ﻣﻤﮑﻦ اﺳﺖ ﻗﺎدر ﺑﻪ اراﺋﻪ ﺧﺪﻣﺎت در ﺷﺮاﯾﻂ ﺗﻐﯿﯿﺮﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪ ﻧﺒﺎﺷﺪ. ﻟﺬا ﻫﺪف از اﻧﺠﺎم اﯾﻦ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ، ﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﯾﯽ ﻧﻘﺎط آﺳﯿﺐ ﭘﺬﯾﺮ اﯾﺴﺘﮕﺎه ﺗﻘﻠﯿﻞ ﻓﺸﺎر ﮔﺎز و ارﺗﻘﺎء ﺳﻄﺢ اﯾﻤﻨﯽ آن در ﺑﺮاﺑﺮ ﺑﺤﺮان ﻫﺎي ﺻﻨﻌﺘﯽ ﺑﺎ روﯾﮑﺮد ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳﯽ ﺗﺎب آوري ﺑﻮد. روش ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ: اﯾﻦ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﺗﻮﺻﯿﻔﯽ ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻠﯽ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮرت ﻣﻘﻄﻌﯽ و ﮐﺎرﺑﺮدي در اﯾﺴﺘﮕﺎههاي ﺗﯿﭗ ﺗﻘﻠﯿﻞ ﻓﺸﺎر ﮔﺎز ﺑﺮون ﺷﻬﺮي اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪ. ﻗﺒﻞ از اﻧﺠﺎم ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺮﺟﻤﻪ و ﺑﻮﻣﯽ ﺳﺎزي ﻣﺴﺘﻨﺪات ﻣﺮﺑﻮط ﺑﻪ روش ارزﯾﺎﺑﯽ SVA اﻗﺪام ﺷﺪ. ﭘﺲ از ﺗﺮﺟمه ﻓﺮم ﻫﺎ و رﻓﻊ اﺷﮑﺎﻻت ﻣﺮﺑﻮط ﺑﻪ ﺗﺮﺟﻤﻪ و اﺻﻼح آﻧﻬﺎ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﭘﻨﻞ ﺧﺒﺮﮔﺎن، ﻣﺮاﺣﻞ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ در 6 ﻓﺎز ﺟﺪاﮔﺎﻧﻪ و ﺑﺮ اﺳﺎس ﺗﮑﻨﯿﮏ SVA و اﻟﮕﻮي ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻃﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻧﻤﺮه دﻫﯽ، ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﭘﻨﻞ ﺧﺒﺮﮔﺎن(ﺗﯿﻢ VA) اﻧﺠﺎم ﮔﺮﻓﺖ. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ: ﻧﻬﺎﯾﺘﺎً ﻣﺸﺨﺺ ﮔﺮدﯾﺪ دو ﺑﺤﺮان ﺻﻨﻌﺘﯽ اﻧﻔﺠﺎر و آﺗﺶ ﺳﻮزي و اﻓﺖ ﻓﺸﺎر ﮔﺎز ﺑﺎ اﻣﺘﯿﺎز 3/75 ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺳﺎﯾﺮ ﺑﺤﺮان ﻫﺎي ﺻﻨﻌﺘﯽ ذﮐﺮ ﺷﺪه اﺛﺮات ﺳﻮء ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮي ﺑﺮ اﯾﺴﺘﮕﺎه، ﻫﻤﺴﺎﯾﮕﺎن و ﻣﺼﺮف ﮐﻨﻨﺪﮔﺎن ﮔﺎز آن اﯾﺴﺘﮕﺎه ﻣﯽ ﺗﻮاﻧﻨﺪ داﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ. همچنين ﺑﺎ اﻫﻤﯿﺖ ﺗﺮﯾﻦ داراﯾﯽ ﻫﺎي اﯾﺴﺘﮕﺎه CGS ﺑﻪ ﺗﺮﺗﯿﺐ ﻣﺮﺑﻮط ﺑﻪ Heater، ﺷﯿﺮﻫﺎي ورودي و ﺧﺮوﺟﯽ ﺑﺎ اﻣﺘﯿﺎزﻫﺎي 2/8 Turbine meter ﺑﺎ اﻣﺘﯿﺎز 2/6 و ﺑﺰرﮔﺘﺮﯾﻦ ﺗﻬﺪﯾﺪات اﻓﺖ ﻓﺸﺎر ﮔﺎز و اﻧﻔﺠﺎر و آﺗﺶ ﺳﻮزي ﺑﺎ اﻣﺘﯿﺎز 3/75در اﯾﺴﺘﮕﺎه ﻫﺎ ﺗﻠﻘﯽ ﺷﺪ و ﺑﺎ ﻋﻨﺎﯾﺖ ﺑﻪ اﻋﺪاد آﺳﯿﺐ ﭘﺬﯾﺮي ﮐﻪ اﻣﺘﯿﺎزات ﮐﻤﺘﺮ از 123 از 500 را ﮐﺴﺐ ﻧﻤﻮدﻧﺪ، 15 ﻣﻮرد راﻫﮑﺎر اراﺋﻪ ﮔﺮدﯾﺪ. ﻧﺘﯿﺠﻪ ﮔﯿﺮي: ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮر ﮐﻠﯽ ﻣﯽ ﺗﻮان ﮔﻔﺖ SVA در ﻣﻘﺎﯾﺴﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺳﺎﯾﺮ روش ﻫﺎي ﻣﺪﯾﺮﯾﺖ رﯾﺴﮏ ﻫﻤﭽﻮنHAZOP و QRA دﯾﺪي ﺑﺎزﺗﺮ دارد و ﺟﻬﺖ ﺟﻤﻊ ﺑﻨﺪي دﯾﺪﮔﺎه ﻫﺎي ﺟﺬاﺑﯿﺖ، اﻫﻤﯿﺖ، ﺗﻬﺪﯾﺪ و ﺣﻔﺎظ ﻫﺎي ﺳﯿﺴﺘﻢ را ﻧﯿﺰ در ﻧﻈﺮ ﻣﯽ ﮔﯿﺮد.

Introduction: Vulnerability introduces the sensitivity of a system versus internal faults or external threats. A vulnerable system cannot recover itself aftershocks and may be disabled to provide services. In this study in order to achieve a resilient city gate station (CGS), vulnerability of the system was identified via SVA procedure. Moreover, using the resilience engineering approach, safety level of a CGS was improved against industrial crises. Methods: The present cross-sectional descriptive analytical study was conducted in a CGS according to typical design of stations. During this study, SVA procedure, forms and tables were modified and prepared to evaluate vulnerability. In the next stage, the study was conducted in 6 phases according to SVA model and experts panel. Results: According to the results two industrial crises (explosion / fire and gas pressure drop) were more important than other industrial crises mentioned (regarding adverse effects on the station, the station neighbors and gas consumers). According to this study, the most important assets of CGS station were respectively heater, valves, inlet and outlet and turbine meter and the biggest threat were gas pressure drop and explosion / fire in the station. Finally, regarding the vulnerability scores, 15 solutions were presented to improve the safety level of CGS stations. Conclusion: SVA modeling in comparison to other methods of risk management such as HAZOP and QRA has a wider vision and in order to conclude the viewpoints, takes into account attractiveness, importance, and system protections and threats as well.