سطح پايداري محله‌اي و رابطۀ آن با توسعۀ اجتماعي در محلۀ نازي‌آباد تهران

The level of neighborhood stability and Its relationship with social development in the Nazi Abad neighborhood, Tehran

به‌ دليل نياز گسترده به احياي حس تعلق اجتماعي در شهرهاي امروز، هدف مجموعة مديريت شهري به‌نوعي سياست‌گذاري، برنامه‌ريزي و مديريت شهري در «محله» است و با طرح موضوعاتي چون محله‌محوري، شهروندمداري و مشاركت شهروندي بيش از هر زمان ديگري در راستاي تجديد ساختار محله‌اي تلاش مي‌شود. در پژوهش حاضر، با نگاهي به مقولة برنامه‌ريزي محله‌مبنا، ابعاد مختلف آن مطرح و سطح پايداري محلة نازي‌آباد بررسي مي‌شود. بعد از انتخاب «نازي‌آباد» به‌عنوان محلة مورد پژوهش، با استفاده از مدل كوكران 381 نفر از ساكنان براي جامعة نمونه درنظر گرفته شدند. روش تحقيق با توجه به اهداف و ماهيت موضوع «سطح پايداري محله‌اي» و در ارتباط با پرسش‌هاي تحقيق، توصيفي- اكتشافي است. به‌منظور گردآوري اطلاعات از دو روش مطالعات اسنادي و پيمايشي استفاده شده است. براساس بررسي‌هاي صورت‌گرفته، ميزان پايداري محلة نازي‌آباد از لحاظ اجتماعي و زيست‌محيطي متوسط رو به پايين و از نظر اقتصادي متوسط است؛ بنابراين، ميزان موافقت با اين نظر كه محلة نازي‌آباد از نظر شاخص توسعه، محله‌اي پايدار محسوب مي‌شود در حد متوسط رو به پايين است. درادامه، رابطة متغيرهاي شغل، ميزان درآمد و تحصيلات با شاخص پايداري محله آزمون شد و مشخص شد بين شغل ساكنان و ميزان پايداري محلة نازي‌آباد رابطة ضعيف و مثبت وجود دارد و بين ميزان درآمد و تحصيلات ساكنان با ميزان پايداري محلة نازي‌آباد رابطه‌اي وجود ندارد.

neighborhoods are One of the fundamental elements of constructive urban and geographic/ physical medium scale units, that form The residential area of urban and space region which we live every day. Planning and design of neighborhood scale, directly influences our daily lives, as determines The quality of our access to facilities at the neighborhood level, How to travel to reach the specific destination and how much Opportunities to interact with others .Also, the local scale is the level which occurs The development projects in-whether large or small scale projects that causes extensive changes at urban texture in the macro-level-. At this level, even relatively minor decisions related to the design and space planning, such as the width and design of streets, buildings and blocks size, the composition of the land uses and the location and type of parks and public spaces can be comprise significant results and effects on the livability and urban stability. Because of the need to rebuild and restore the sense of social belonging which widely sensed in modern urban societies, neighborhood scale has become one of the major surfaces in planning. In this context, neighborhood sustainable development can be considered as a prerequisite for sustainable city and region development .Todays oriented-focused approach and pragmatism has been replaced by non-focused approach in designs and urban development. the objective of using small scale here is micro – urban units (generally neighborhood )which all daily tasks will be generalized in by walking distances. As there are unsustainable issues and threats like energy consuming, waste of basic sources, population growth, wrong produce and consume patterns, pollution increase that is seen in Tehran a lot, even for protecting the moment, it is inevitable to adjust environmental views in planning and governing the metropolis. Nazi Abad is one of the oldest neighborhoods of Tehran located in District 16. By reviewing the researches we have realized that most of researches have been done in country, estate or city scale. an‎d most of the criteria that were used were totally different. we have tried to evaluate economical, social and environmental aspects in Naziabad. this research at first would introduce the sustainable neighborhood along with its dimensions and measures and will be followed by measuring the stability of NaziAbad and regarding available abilities in this neighborhood some suggestions will be given to improve the district situation and turning into a stable district. To achieve this aim, the following questions were raised: - Is Nazi Abad district of economically, socially and environmentally sustainable neighborhood? - Is the job, education and income associated with the stability of the neighborhood?