كليدواژه :
روستاهاي با ارزش , فرهنگ بومي , حفاظت , توسعه
چكيده فارسي :
توسعه در روستاهاي واجد ارزش تاريخي چه با نگرش حفاظت، مرمت و يا احيا، به متغيرهاي مختلفي وابسته بوده كه ريشه آن در برداشت صحيح از مفهوم روستاست. تعاملي كه انسان با محيط برقرار كرده و پاسخ متقابل محيط به نياز انسان، مفهوم بوم را ساخته كه در پس آن، فرهنگي است كه حداقل در حوزه كالبد معماري، ميتواند « پايه و اساس سنت معماري ايراني » معرفي گردد. حفظ اين ارزشها در دل توسعه، بر نسل حاضر الزام بوده و ضرورت پژوهش در اين زمينه است.
گسترش فناوريهاي نوين، نيازهاي روستايي را فراتر از امنيت و شرايط آسايش برده و به مرحله رفاه رسانده است. درك مرحله رفاه، نيازمند توسعه بوده و حفظ كالبد داراي ارزش تاريخي در تعامل با توسعه، نيازمند واكاوي متغيرهايي است كه در عين حفاظت از ارزش‌هاي تاريخي، توسعه را نيز مدّ نظر قرار دهد. در اين راستا يكي از فرضهاي اين تقرير، رجوع به فرهنگ بومي به عنوان يك راهبرد در تعامل با توسعه و حفاظت بافتهاي ارزشمند روستايي است كه مي تواند به توسعه پايدار روستا منجر شود؛ همچنين توجه به هويت مكان به عنوان يك شاخصه مهم در روند احياي كالبد داراي ارزش تاريخي، فرض هدايت كننده ديگري براي رسيدن به هدف پژوهش بوده است. دستاورد اين پژوهش تأكيد بر رجوع به فرهنگ بومي، جهت توفيق طرح هاي توسعه اي در بافت هاي با ارزش روستايي ميباشد كه براي رسيدن به اين انديشه، از بازخواني و واكاوي ديدگاه صاحبنظران داخلي و خارجي و شرح تجربيات آن‌ها وام گرفته شده است. با توجه به ماهيت بنيادي – نظري اين تحقيق، همچنين فرايند و هدف پژوهش، روش آنرا ميتوان در چارچوب كيفي، با استفاده از تحليل، توصيف و استنتاج طبقه بندي نمود.
چكيده لاتين :
Development of historically valuable rural setting, whether based on conservation, preservation or restoration viewpoint, relies on different variables, which are rooted in a profound understanding of the meaning of rural setting. Rural setting is the integration of building, behaviors and beliefs of human beings, but what makes rural setting as a unique phenomenon is its indigenous culture that is an important component to create the balance between development and conservation approaches. Human’s interaction with nature and nature’s response to human needs makes up the concept of vernacular, which holds within itself the culture that at least in its tectonic sense would signify ‘the center-piece of Iranian architectural tradition.’ Preservation of these values, in line with development, is necessary for the present generation, and justifies further research in this context.
The prevalent dependence of human on technology in rural areas has crossed over its traditional limits of basic needs for security and comfort and shifted toward higher levels of welfare, which in turn calls for new measures in development. However, the definite need for protection of historic architecture in line with development requires deeper understanding of factors that are both rooted in valuable historical heritage and is capable of embracing development. This paper examines the interaction of development and preservation of values bearing in mind vernacular culture. Furthermore, in conservation and restoration processes, especially in rural setting considering its context, this component is a very important developmental strategy from local scale to global scale. Conservation based upon this approach is emphasized on the process of life and human harmony with nature and their mutual interaction. In indigenous culture, the relationship between tradition and nature, the craftsmanship and bilateral influences of native people as they modify their surrounding natural conditions is of greatest authenticity. Accordingly, conservation, restoration and development based on indigenous culture, is emphasized on the process of life & human harmony with nature and the interaction between them. This attitude leads to minimum negative environmental impact that results in a responsive design culture empowering sense of place, designing with nature and utilizing natural forms and processes, respecting the objective aspects of nature while considering the people in the design process. Such design would be vernacularly pertinent to by benefitting from sustainable elements in revitalization to enrich their restored identity. These sustainable elements are the qualities and capabilities that rural space possesses due to history and rich cultural heritage and collective values of society that is crystallized in its physical and spatial forms to be transferred to the next generation. In other words, the ecological and vernacular milieus are relatively reliable systems for transferring cultural heritage of society and its values. In this manner, new actions such as adding new functions that are performed upon buildings
