كليدواژه :
بيكراني , دريافت فضا , كرانه , كرانمندي , معماري اسلامي ايران
چكيده لاتين :
Understanding the Islamic architecture requires perception of the meaning space, and it is impossible
to understand the meaning of the space in Islamic architecture, just by the senses. As the most
basic concept of architecture, space is always conceived in a definite boundary, which is perceived
through sensory perception. So, it is bounded and has a certain limit. On the other hand, mosques
are the most important building of the Islamic era where Muslims come together for worship.
These mosques contain numerous symbols and meanings which must be perceived through higher
levels of perception. The intellectual perception leads to obtaining the truth and meaning of the
Islamic space, but the transfer of feelings to contemplative sciences takes place through imaginary
perception. In this way, understanding the concept of space in Islamic architecture, especially the
architecture of mosques, is a fundamental issue. This issue in understanding the meaning of space
is the result of the confrontation of the areas of perception. In order to explain this issue, the present
paper seeks to explain the bounded and boundless of the spatial structure of Iranian mosques during
the Safavid era. Using a qualitative approach in the form of case studies, field observations and
library documentation, this research tries to explain and analyze the spatial structure of the Safavid
era mosques, as one of the golden architectural periods in Iran. Isfahan Imam Mosque, as an
example of mosques with courtyard and porch, and the Sheikh Lotfollah Mosque, as an example of
mosques lacking these elements, were chosen. The findings of this research show that in the Iranian
architecture, space is perceived differently. From the sensory perception point of view, space is
bounded and proportional to the microcosm, where boundary and body surround the space. From
this perspective, in addition to focusing on dynamism, centralism, plurality, and hierarchy, the
boundary separates the space from the without. But the levels of perception of fantasy and reason
are beyond that. The intellectual perception does not feel any boundaries, Boundary and space are
perceived together. In this way, the space lacks the limit, and is absolutely boundless. Imagination
is the interface between sense and reason. What is perceived in the world of reason, manifest
through imagination, which is the beginning of the boundlessness. Iranian Muslim architects
perceived the unity and boundlessness of Good in the highest world. and they always wanted
to express the boundless space. The dome is an abstract manifestation of square and circle, their
combination creates a pure integrity, where there is no beginning and end. Imaginary perception, as
a mediator, is neither purely bounded, nor absolutely boundless, but has an allegory of boundless space. Islamic space architecture is also a unity and integrated space. The unity of space is the result of
intellectual perception. Therefore, in intellectual perception, space is boundless, vast, unity, and without
hierarchy. In accordance with the macrocosm and the universal spirit, the boundlessness of space in
Islamic architecture surround the whole world.
