بررسي تأثير الگوهاي كالبدي نظام استقرار بر اجتماع ‌پذيري فضا در معماري هورامان

Investigating the Effect of the Physical Patterns of the Establishment Systems on the Comunity Spaces in Hawraman Architecture

برقراري سطح مناسبي از تعاملات جمعي در محيط­ هاي زندگي، به‌عنوان يكي از مؤلفه­ هاي مؤثر بر كيفيت زندگي، متأثر از ويژگي­هاي محيط انسان ­ساخت مي‌باشد. تعامل اجتماعي با يكديگر و مشاهده فعاليت­هاي متنوع مردم، با بوجود­ آوردن زمينه­ هاي اجتماعي شدن و اجتماع ­پذيري به رشد فردي و اجتماعي انسان كمك مي­كند‌ اما امروزه به‌دليل ورود مظاهر نوگرايي به بسياري از سكونتگاه­هاي انساني و عدم وجود الگويي مدوّن براي نوسازي و بهسازي، شاهد تغييرات كالبدي در فضاهاي باز و از بين رفتن بافت­ هاي محلي و به‌تبع آن كاهش تعاملات اجتماعي هستيم. فقدان ارتباطات اجتماعي علاوه بر تأثيرات مخرب فردي، باعث مشكلات اجتماعي نظير كاهش حس سرزندگي، افزايش جرم­خيزي، كاهش اعتماد اجتماعي، كاهش سرمايه اجتماعي و ... ‌‌مي­شود. بنابراين هدف اصلي اين پژوهش شناسايي و تدوين الگوهاي كالبدي نظام استقرار و چگونگي تأثير آن‌ها بر اجتماع ­پذيري فضا در ساختارهاي معماري هورامان­تخت مي‌باشد‌ چراكه استفاده از آن‌ها در برنامه­ هاي آتي نوسازي و بهسازي مي­تواند تأثيرات مثبتي بر ميزان تعاملات اجتماعي داشته باشد. بر ­اين ­اساس‌ روش پژوهش حاضر توصيفي- تحليلي و مبتني بر مطالعات اسنادي و نيز مشاهدات ميداني است. بخش نهايي اين مقاله نشان مي­دهد كه چگونه نظام استقرار در محيط انسان­ ساخت اثر معنا داري بر ارتقاي اجتماع­ پذيري فضاهاي كالبدي دارد و الگوهاي اين نظام گاه به‌ تنهايي و گاه در تركيب با يكديگر مي­توانند در كميت و كيفيت اجتماع ­پذيري فضاهاي عمومي در هورامان اثر­گذار باشند.

The present paper is a field and library research achievement and attempts to analyze the role of patterns of spatial deployment in the human-made environment on the social nature of the physical environments of everyday life and the passion for acting in the spaces. Establishing a proper level of collective interaction in the living environment, as one of the factors affecting the quality of life, is influenced by the characteristics of the human environment. Social interaction and the observation of diverse people's activities, by creating socializatioشn help to develop individual and social development. Today, however, because of the arrival of manifestations of modernity to many human settlements and the absence of a pattern for modernization and improvement, we see several effects such as physical changes in open spaces,the destruction of the local tissues and, consequently, the reduction of social interactions. Lack of social communication, in addition to individual destructive effects, can lead to social problems such as lowering the sense of vitality, increasing crime, reducing social trust, reducing social capital, and so on. Therefore, the main purpose of this research is to identify and formulate the physical patterns of the system of deployment and how they affect the space community in the architectural structures of Hawraman Takht, because their use in upcoming programs of renovation and improvement can have a positive impact on the level of social interactions., The present article attempts to understand the above-mentioned relationship and raises the following basic questions: 1. Which physical patterns of the settlement system are identified in the architecture of the Hawraman? 2. How do each of these features of the deployment system affect the components of socialization and the level of social interaction in the Hawraman? The present study was conducted using the descriptive-analytical method based on documentary studies as well as field observations. It is a case study because it involves methods whose purpose is to describe the conditions or phenomena under investigation and is analytical because the method A case study examines the extent to which the social