بررسي ساز و كار خرد قدرت فوكو در نمايش نامه ي تنها راه ممكن

Survey of the Micro-Power by “Foucault” on the Play of “The Only Way Possible

تحليل شبكه اي قدرت در بيان ميشل فوكو با عنوان حلقه هاي تور قدرت و رابطه ي ميان دانش و قدرت، ريشه در دوره ي تبارشناسي انديشه ي او دارد كه به بررسي روابط بين اجزا و گزاره هاي برسازنده ي يك گفتمان مي پردازد و اين پرسش را مطرح مي سازد كه چگونه، در چه شرايطي و در قالب چه شكل هايي، چيزي مانند سوژه مي تواند در نظم سخن ها ظاهر شود؟ مقاله ي پيش رو بر آن است كه به بررسي روابط گفتماني نمايش-نامه ي «تنها راه ممكن»، نوشته ي محمد يعقوبي بپردازد. در اين نوع تحليل كه در سطح خرد مطرح مي شود، فوكو براي بررسي هر نظام گفتماني چند نكته بيان نموده است كه بايد مورد توجه قرار گيرد: اول، نظام تفاوت گذاري هاست كه امكان كنش/بركنش ديگران را فراهم مي سازد. دوم، نوع اهدافي است كه كنش گر دنبال مي كند. سوم، وجه هاي ابزاري است كه از طريق اثرهاي گفتار، سلاح، نظام هاي مراقبت و غيره به كار مي رود. چهارم، شكل هاي نهادينه سازي و پنجم، درجات عقلاني سازي است كه درون هر گفتمان شكل مي گيرد، سازمان مي يابد و از رويه هاي سازگار با موقعيت برخوردار مي شود. در تحليلي كه از اثر يعقوبي صورت پذيرفته است، از سويي، علاوه بر در نظر گرفتن راه كارهاي پيشنهادي فوكو، به رابطه ي ابژه و سوژه ي ايجاد شده درون گفتمان، نظام استيلا و سلطه و شكل گيري روابط قدرت توجه شده و از سوي ديگر، دسترسي به منابع دانش/قدرت و رابطه ي قدرت با دانش مورد توجه قرار گرفته است.

Analysis of the power network in the expression of Michel Foucault as meshes of power and the relationship between knowledge and power, rooted in the genealogy of his thought that studies the relationship between the components and the developers of the constitutive predicates of a discourse. This article reviews the relationships within the discourse of the play “the only way possible”, by Mohammad Yaghoubi. In this type of analysis that discusses the micro-power, Foucault states a few points for discussing each discourse which should be noted: First is the system of differentiations which permits one to act upon the actions of others. Second, the types of objectives pursued by those who act upon the actions of others and third, the means of bringing power relations into being. The fourth forms of institutionalization, the fifth point and the last point is that degrees of rationalization within each discussion shapes, the organization and the procedures have to be consistent with the position. Narrative as a linguistic product and its tools is the cause and effect of “will to power”, the will which determines the position of subject within the intersubjective relations. Foucault suggests that the task of knowing subject of text is not necessarily providing the kind of narrative configuration of what had been forced to exclude from the text but it confirms that along with all materials in the process of editing and narrative selection, it is like a ghost within the embed tool that gives the narrative. This research aims to analyze the elements of drama and reach a basic structure and then go beyond this structural analysis and the use of Foucault’s theory of mechanisms and power to determine the dominant discourse and the discourses found in Mohammad Yaghoubi’s play “the only way possible”. Drama analysis deals with the characters’ access to power resources and studies the discourses which have been produced and organized. In the analysis of Yaghoubi’s play, in addition to considering these points, the relationship between objects and subjects which are created through discourse, the domination and hegemony, the formation of the power relationships, access to resources of knowledge/power and the relationship between the power and the knowledge is also taken into consideration.