بررسي ساختار فرمي انيميشن هاي بي كلام در دوران طلايي

The study of Formal Structure of animated films with no spoken words in golden era

اين مقاله با بررسي انيميشن هاي بي كلام، به پژوهش درباره ي اين مطلب مي پردازد كه چگونه اجزاي گوناگون اين نوع انيميشن ها بدون استفاده از عنصر گفتاري، روايت خود را به پيش مي برند؟ منظور از انيميشن هاي بدون كلام فيلم هايي است كه در آن ها به عمد از گفتگو استفاده نشده است. در اين پژوهش پس از پرداختن به پيشينه ي روايت در سينماي زنده و انيميشن، و نيز پيشينه ي شخصيت هاي انيميشني بي كلام، براي تحليل ساختار روايي، ابتدا فرم فيلم ها مورد بررسي قرار گرفته، سپس اجزاي تشكيل دهنده ي روايت و داستان مشخص شده ، و به عواملي كه داستان را اجرا و به زبان سينما تبديل مي كنند، پرداخته شده است. اين عوامل، براي بررسي دقيق تر، به نشانه هاي ديداري و شنيداري تفكيك شده اند و اهميت هر كدام از اين نشانه ها در انيميشن هاي بدون كلام توضيح داده شده است. در اين مقاله علاوه بر نگاه به تعريف بوردول از روايت، تلاش شده است با استفاده از اين مباحث، چگونگي ساختار روايت در توليد انيميشن هاي بدون كلام براي مخاطب روشن شود. در پايان نوشتار علاوه بر برشمردن وجوه مثبت استفاده از روايت بدون كلام در دنياي تصوير متحرك، به نقصان هاي ممكن استفاده از اين گونه روايت نيز پرداخته شده است.

Narration has more importance in theatre, cinema and animation in comparison with other arts, because theatre, cinema and animation are based on the story. However, narration does not necessarily include articulation as most of the cinema and animated movies do not articulate the storyline. Although one cannot tell all stories without using words. These kinds of movies can but not necessarily include silent films. Animated film with no spoken words is of this kind. Here, by animated films with no spoken words we mean the films in which articulation has been deliberately avoided. It should be noted that animated film with no spoken words can be divided into narrative and non-narrative forms. But here whenever we talk about an animated film with no spoken words, we actually refer to narrative one. Actually it’s a matter of style. This article is going to find out how an animated film with no spoken words, tells us a story without articulate it. In this article, we track down the antecedent of narration in cinema and animation. We also track down the characters in animated films with no spoken words. So we can determine the forms, structures and the respective features and details to figure out how they could manage to tell us a story. In this way, we spot some audio and visual factors and features and discuss their importance in animated films with no spoken words. Mentioning Bordwell’s definition of narration, we try to discuss the narration structure in producing animated films with no spoken words. Articulate abilities and creative possibilities in animated films enable animators to tell a story without using words. Here telling a story without articulating it would be the bold topic. At the end, we enumerate the positive and negative points of narrating a story in an animation film without articulating it. Actually, these kinds of films can arouse different feelings. an‎d we come to some suggestions for producing animated films with no spoken words which can also apply to spoken ones. Being nonchalant to produce animated films with no spoken words, Iranian animation producers will find this article encouraging to take an attempt.