ﺳﺎﺧﺖ و ﻣﺸﺨﺼﻪﯾﺎﺑﯽ ﻧﺎﻧﻮﺻﻔﺤﻪﻫﺎي اﮐﺴﯿﺪ ﺳﺮب ﺑﻪ روش ﺳﻮﻧﻮﺷﯿﻤﯽ: اﺛﺮ ﻣﺎدهي ﻓﻌﺎلﮐﻨﻨﺪه ي ﺳﻄﺤﯽ

Synthesis and Characterization of PbO Nano-Plates by Sonochemical Method: Effect of Surfactants

در اﯾﻦ ﻣﻘﺎﻟﻪ، ﻧﺎﻧﻮﺻﻔﺤﻪﻫﺎي اﮐﺴﯿﺪ ﺳﺮب ﺑﻪ روش ﺳﻮﻧﻮﺷﯿﻤﯽ در اﺗﻤﺴﻔﺮ ﻣﺤﯿﻂ ﺑﺎ ﻣﻮﻓﻘﯿﺖ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻪ ﺷﺪ. ﺑﺮاي ﻣﺸﺨﺼﻪﯾﺎﺑﯽ ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪﻫﺎ از ﻣﯿﮑﺮوﺳﮑﻮپ اﻟﮑﺘﺮوﻧﯽ روﺑﺸﯽ، ﭘﺮاش ﭘﺮﺗﻮ اﯾﮑﺲ، ﻃﯿﻒﺳﻨﺞ راﻣﺎن و ﻃﯿﻒﺳﻨﺞ ﻧﻮري ﻓﺮاﺑﻨﻔﺶ- ﻣﺮﺋﯽ، ﻃﯿﻒﺳﻨﺞ ﭘﺮاش اﻧﺮژي ﭘﺮﺗﻮي اﯾﮑﺲ و ﺗﺒﺪﯾﻞ ﻓﻮرﯾﻪ ﻣﺎدون ﻗﺮﻣﺰ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﺪ. اﺛﺮ ﻣﺎدهﻫﺎي ﻓﻌﺎلﮐﻨﻨﺪه ﺳﻄﺤﯽ ﭘﻠﯽ وﯾﻨﯿﻞ ﭘﯿﺮوﻟﯿﺪون (ﻟﯿﮕﺎﻧﺪ ﻏﯿﺮﯾﻮﻧﯽ) و ﺳﺘﯿﻞ ﺗﺮي ﻣﺘﯿﻞ آﻣﻮﻧﯿﻮم ﺑﺮﻣﯿﺪ (ﻟﯿﮕﺎﻧﺪ ﮐﺎﺗﯿﻮﻧﯽ) ﺑﺮ روي ﺳﺎﺧﺘﺎر و ﺧﻮاص ﻓﯿﺰﯾﮑﯽ اﮐﺴﯿﺪ ﺳﺮب ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﺷﺪ. ﻃﯿﻒﻫﺎي ﺗﺒﺪﯾﻞ ﻓﻮرﯾﻪ ﻣﺎدون ﻗﺮﻣﺰ ﺗﺸﮑﯿﻞ اﮐﺴﯿﺪ ﺳﺮب ﺑﺎ ﻋﺎﻣﻞﻫﺎي ﭘﻮﺷﺸﯽ ﭘﻠﯽ وﯾﻨﯿﻞ ﭘﯿﺮوﻟﯿﺪون و ﺳﺘﯿﻞ ﺗﺮي ﻣﺘﯿﻞ آﻣﻮﻧﯿﻮم ﺑﺮﻣﯿﺪ را ﺗﺎﯾﯿﺪ ﻣﯽﮐﻨﺪ. ﻋﻼوه ﺑﺮ اﯾﻦ، ﻃﯿﻒﻫﺎي ﭘﺮاش ﭘﺮﺗﻮ اﯾﮑﺲ و راﻣﺎن ﺗﺸﮑﯿﻞ ﻓﺎزﻫﺎي α-PbO و β-PbO را ﻧﺸﺎن ﻣﯽدﻫﻨﺪ. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﺗﺼﺎوﯾﺮ ﻣﯿﮑﺮوﺳﮑﻮپ اﻟﮑﺘﺮوﻧﯽ روﺑﺸﯽ ﻧﺸﺎن ﻣﯽدﻫﺪ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﻣﺎده ﻓﻌﺎلﮐﻨﻨﺪه ي ﺳﻄﺤﯽ ﭘﻠﯽ وﯾﻨﯿﻞ ﭘﯿﺮوﻟﯿﺪون ﺑﺎﻋﺚ اﯾﺠﺎد ﻧﺎﻧﻮﺻﻔﺤﻪﻫﺎي ﻣﻨﻈﻢ ﺑﺎ ﻗﻄﺮ ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻂ µm 2 ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ. در ﺻﻮرﺗﯽﮐﻪ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﺳﺘﯿﻞ ﺗﺮي ﻣﺘﯿﻞ آﻣﻮﻧﯿﻮم ﺑﺮﻣﯿﺪ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان ﻓﻌﺎلﮐﻨﻨﺪه ﺳﻄﺤﯽ، ﺑﺎﻋﺚ ﺗﺸﮑﯿﻞ ﻧﺎﻧﻮذرات و ﻣﯿﮑﺮوذرات ﻣﯽﺷﻮد. ﻧﺎﻧﻮﺻﻔﺤﻪﻫﺎي ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻪ ﺷﺪه ﻗﺎﺑﻠﯿﺖ ﮐﺎرﺑﺮد در ﺳﺎﺧﺖ ﮐﺎﻣﭙﻮزﯾﺖﻫﺎي ﻣﺤﺎﻓﻆ ﺳﺒﮏ در ﺑﺮاﺑﺮ ﭘﺮﺗﻮ ﮔﺎﻣﺎ را دارد

In this paper, lead oxide (PbO) nanoplates were successfully synthesized by a sonochemical method in an ambient atmosphere. The prepared nanomaterials have been characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman and ultra violet-visible (UV–Vis) spectroscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX) and fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). We studied the effect of additions of polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP) (a non-ionic ligand) and cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB) (a cationic ligand) as a surfactant on the structural and physical properties of lead oxide samples. Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy confirmed the formation of lead oxide along with the presence of polyvinyl pyrrolidone and cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide covering the particle surface. Furthermore, the X-ray analysis and Raman spectra showed the formation of α-PbO and β-PbO phases. The results of the scanning electron microscopy images demonstrate the use of polyvinyl pyrrolidone surfactant has resulted in regular nanoplates with a mean diameter of 2 μm. The results also show if we use cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide as the surfactant in our experiment, it will result in nanoparticles and microparticles. The synthesized nanoplates have the potential to be used in fabrication of lightweight shielding composites against gamma radiation.