كليدواژه :
شريعتي , زن , اسلام , حقوق , برابري
چكيده فارسي :
سأله ي زن و نسبت او با مرد از موضوعات مهم مورد توجه در قرن حاضر بوده و انديشمندان گوناگون هريك به فراخور حوزه ي كار خود به جهات مختلف آن پرداخته اند. در پژوهش كيفي حاضر، ديدگاه هاي انسان شناسي دكتر علي شريعتي در باره ي زن، حقوق خانوادگي و اجتماعي او و نسبت وي با مرد مورد مطالعه و تحليل محتوايي قرار گرفته است. وي بر اهميت نقش زنان در تحولات اجتماعي تاكيد كرد و با تمييز سه تيپ شخصيتي ميان زنان (زن سني، شبه مدرن و فاطمه وار) زنان را به پيروي از فاطمه و ارزشهاي اسلامي دعوت كرد. با وجود پاره اي تعارضات و گرايشات مرد سالارانه در آراي او، مي توان دريافت كه وي به برابري انساني زن و مرد، آزادي ، اختيار و استقلال زن باور داشت اما با اعتقاد به نظريه ي حقوق طبيعي و اصالت خانواده، از اختلاف نقش زن و مرد و در نتيجه تعهدات و حقوق مختلف آنها در خانواده حمايت كرد، مانند سرپرستي مرد درخانواده، چند همسري و ازدواج موقت. وي نهادهاي اجتماعي را متفاوت از نهاد خانواده و غيرطبيعي مي دانست و با برجسته كردن استعدادها و توانايي هاي زنان بر حضور و مشاركت اجتماعي آنان پاي فشرد اما درباره ي حقوق سياسي- اجتماعي زنان و حدود آن ها ، مانند حق انتخاب شدن يا انتصاب آنها براي تصدي پست هاي مختلف، بحث نكرد.
چكيده لاتين :
The issue of women and their relation to men have been important subjects discussed by many thinkers in this century, from different points of view, depending on their specialities. In this qualitative research, the view of Ali Shariati on women, their familial and social rights in relation to men have been studied and evaluated. He believed in the paramount importance of women in all social changes and developments. Distinguishing three types of women; traditional, so-called modernized and like-Fatima who is independent, and socially active and responsible, Shariati encouraged women to deny western values and way of life and follow Fatima’s steps in life and implement great values of Islam. Although there are some inconsistencies and masculism tendencies in his views, it can be discerned that he believed in women’s ontological equality to men, their independence, and freedom of choice and will. However, based on his belief in natural law and also in preference of family over the individual, he supported some differences in their roles and rights in the family, such as men's guardianship, their right to polygamy and temporary marriage. T the same time, highlighting women’s talent and capabilities and, considering social relations and institutes being constructed rather than natural, he encouraged women to social presence and participation. He did not delve in different aspects of such contribution and did not elaborate on their social and political rights and their boundaries in details, such as their rights to be elected or appointed in different positions.
