توبه و ايمان فرعون از ديدگاه امام خميني و ابن عربي

Pharaoh’s Faith and Repentance in the Views of Imam Khomeini and Ibn Arabi

به دلالت صريح برخي آيات الهي، فرعون در آخرين لحظات عمرش توبه كرد. ابن ­عربي توبه او را مقبول دانسته و معتقد است باايمان از دنيا رفته است. امام خميني معتقد است توبه فرعون مردود بوده و با حالت كفر دنيا را ترك كرده است. ابن­عربي معتقد است فرعون قبل از غرق شدن توبه كرد و چون قبل از اينكه گناهي كند، قبض روح شد، پس نه‌تنها مؤمن، بلكه مؤمن پاكيزه از دنيا رفته است. به عقيده او كلام نرم حضرت موسي و هارون(ع) در فرعون اثر كرد و متذكر و خاشع شد و اين دلالت بر قبولي ايمان او دارد؛ زيرا تذكر و خشيت در زمان دعوت صورت گرفته كه در دنيا بوده است. اما امام خميني معتقد است فرعون بعد از اينكه متوجه شد به‌زودي غرق مىشود، توبه كرد و توبه هنگام مرگ پذيرفته نمي­شود. ايشان همچنين دستور الهي مبني بر كلام نرم حضرت موسي و هارون(ع) با فرعون را نه به‌خاطر متذكر و خاشع شدن فرعون، كه براي مصالحي همچون تأثير بر اطرافيان فرعون دانسته ­اند.

According to some clear Quranic verses, Pharaoh repented in his last breathes. Ibn Arabi believes that his repentance is accepted by God and therefore he departed this life while he has been faithful. However, Imam Khomeini believes that Pharaoh’s repentance is not accepted and he has met his end in disbelief. Ibn Arabi postulates that Pharaoh repented just before being drowned and after repentance he has not committed any sin until his soil was taken. For the same reason, he has not been only faithful at the edge of death but also a clean faithful. Besides, Ibn Arabi believes that the tender words of Moses and Aaron touched Pharaoh and, for the same reason, pharaoh became aware and humble and this shows that Pharaoh’s faith is accepted because his humbleness and awareness has happened in the time of his invitation to God in this world. On the contrary, Imam Khomeini believes that Pharaoh repented as soon as he found that he is drowning and repentance at the edge of death is not accepted. Imam also believes that Pharaoh’s humbleness and awareness was a pretense toward some interests such as deluding surrounding people rather than accepting divine commandments