در گوجه فرنگي Meloidogyne javanica بر نماتد مولد غده ريشه AZadirachta indica اثر مشتقات چريش

Effect of neem, Azadirachta indica, on root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne javanica , infesting tomato

The root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne javanica., is one of the most serious pests of agricultural crops and causes considerable losses in tomato fields. Various management strategies are adopted to control this pathogen in infested fields. Application of nematicides being the most commonly used practice. Since nematicides causes pollution of under ground water, attention of scientists have been converted towards other safe and efficient alternatives. Among plants with nematicidal effect, neem has been found to have good control effects on root knot nematode. In this investigation, efficacy of neem oil at different concentrations viz., 0,5, 12.5, 25, 50,75 and 100 percent, and whole fruit, seed kernel and coat powder and cake at different ratios viz., 0, 10, 20 and 30 glkg of soil against M. javanica was studied on artificial inoculation with 2000 J2 under controlled conditions. The results showed that root dip treatment for two hours resulted in reduction of galls and egg masses and the maximum reduction was observed at 100% concentration. Addition of 10 ml. of oil directly to artificially infested soil also resulted in reduction of population, egg masses and galls. Similar results were obtained by addition of neem powders and cake to the soil and maximum reduction was observed at 30 g of the powders per kg of soil. Kernel powder had the highest effect among the neem products studied in this investigation on the tested nematode.