دگرديسي قهرمانان و شخصيت هاي اسطور هاي در گونه هاي عرفاني، غنايي و معاصر

The Metamorphosis of Mythical Characters in Mystical,Lyrical and Contemporary Types

زبان به عنوان دستگاهي نظام مند، ابزار بيان خالق اثر ادبي است و در اين ميان خالق اثر نگاهي گسترده به گذشته و حال خود دارد، تمام امكانات زبان را به كار ميگيرد تا احساسات، عواطف و نگرشي را كه با جهان درون و بيرون خود برقرار ميكند، از طريق نشانه­ هاي زباني به خواننده منتقل كند و خواننده نيز از سوي ديگر با اثر او نسبتي عاطفي برقرار كرده و از آن تأثير ميپذيرد. يكي از اين امكانات، نگاهي است كه آفرينندۀ اثر ادبي به گذشته دارد، بهره ­گيري شاعران و نويسندگان در سه دورۀ مختلف تاريخ زبان و ادبيات فارسي از دلالتهاي گوناگون قهرمانان اسطوره­اي و جلوه­ ها­ي متفاوت شخصيّتهاي اسطوره­اي در گونه­ هاي غنايي، عرفاني و معاصر موضوع اين پژوهش است. در اين پژوهش، نگارندگان با نگاهي ساختگرايانه در پي بررسي دگرديسي شخصيّتهاي اساطيري گونه­ هاي مختلف ادبي ميباشند تا دريابند شاعران و نويسندگان با چه نگرشي توانايي آن را داشته ­اند كه بر اساس باورهايشان نمادهاي مختلف و كاركردهاي قهرمانان اسطوره­اي را بگونه­اي­ كه ميخواستند به خدمت متن ادبي خويش درآورند.

Each literary work contains a set of lexical, visual and literary arrays which distinguishes it from other similar works. These literary tricks are capable of evaluating and interpreting in various analytical devices. Language as a systematic device is a means of expressing the creator of literary work. In this respect, the creator of the work takes a broad look at his past and present through utilizing all the possibilities of the language in order to transfer the feelings, emotions and attitudes that he or she has about his internal and external world to the reader through language signs. On the other hand, the reader will establish an emotional relation with the creator's work and is influenced by it. One of these features is the view that the creator of the literary work has to the past. Poets and writers' utilization in three different periods of the history of Persian language and literature from the various implications of mythical heroes and different realizations of mythical characters in the lyrical, mystical, and contemporary types is the subject of this research. In this research, the writers, From a structuralist point of view look at the metamorphosis of mythological characters of different literary types in order to find out with what perspective poets and writers in different periods of Persian literature have had the ability to employ different symbols, implications and functions of mythical heroes at the service of the text in a way that they wanted based on their beliefs.