جامعه‌شناسي تاريخي فرقه ضاله بهائيت، با تكيه بر بسترهاي اجتماعي و فكري شكل‌گيري اين فرقه در ايران دوره قاجار

Historic Sociology of Baha’i Sect Based on the Intellectual and Social Backgrounds Involved in the Creation of This Sect During Qajar Period

هر چند مسلك شيخيه از نظر اعتقادي هيچ‌گونه ارتباطي با بابيت و بهائيت ندارد، ولي ارائه عقايد و آموزه‌هايي متفاوت و خارج از چهارچوب‌هاي مقبول شيعي زمينه و بستر لازم فكري و فرهنگي را براي ادعاهاي دروغين سيد ‌علي‌‌‌محمد ‌شيرازي فراهم كرد. سيد ‌علي‌‌محمد بر مذهب شيخ احسائي بود و بنيان بسياري از دعاوي اوليه خويش را بر آموزه‌هاي شيخيه نهاده است. شيخ احسائي از شاگردان سيد ‌كاظم رشتي رهبر وقت مسلك شيخيه بود. با توجه به اهميت دعاوي اين دو تن، ميرزا حسينعلي نوري ملقب به بهاءاله نيز براي شكل‌گيري هسته اوليه نهضت بابيت، شيخ احمد احسائي و سيد ‌كاظم رشتي را «نورين نيرين» لقب مي‌دهد و آن‌ها را مبشران ظهور خود و باب مي‌خواند و نخستين گروندگان به بابيه همه از پيروان و طرف‌داران شيخيه به‌شمار مي‌رفتند. در طي شش سال ادعاهاي باب تا اعدام او در ايران شاهد وقايعي مانند شورش قلعه طبرسي و فتنه‌هاي زنجان و نيريز هستيم كه عاقبت حكومت قاجار را مجاب به اعدام باب و مجازات بابيان مي‌كند. اين فرقه در ايران و در برخي ديگر از نقاط جهان از زمان قاجر تا كنون ريشه دوانيده است. فرقه بهائيت با بهاءاله تأسيس و توسط عبدالبهاء و شوقي‌افندي توسعه و ترميم يافت. فرقه بهائيت با وجود برخي شعارهاي آرمان‌گرايانه در عمل بسيار ناشيانه و سركوب‌گرايانه عمل مي‌كنند و تمام اعضا مانند يك فرقه در خدمت سركردگان و تحت امر آن‌ها هستند.

Although Sheikhiyya sect has nothing to do with Babism and Baha’ism regarding their beliefs, presenting deviated beliefs and teachings, which were not in accordance to the established Shia doctrine, paved the way for false claims of Sayyed Ali Mohammad Shirazi. Sayyed Ali Mohammad was a follower of Sheikh Ehsayi sect and an apprentice of Sayyed Kazem Rashti, the former leader of Sheikhiyya sect, and founded so many of his primary claims on Sheikhiyya teachings and doctrine. With respect to the importance of Sheikh Ahmad Ehsayi and Sayyed Kazem Rashti’s claims in founding the primary doctrine of Babism, Mirza Hosseinali Nouri, known as ‘Baha Allah’, calls them as ‘Nourin Nirin’ and claims they are his prophets and Babism missionaries. In fact, the first followers of Babism were those who believed in Sheikhiyya. During the next 6 years since the beginning of Babism until the execution of its leader in Iran, some events such as the uprising in Tabarsi Castle as well as some upheaval in Zanjan and Tabriz took place which led to the execution of Bab and his followers. This sect, since its early days in Qajar period has been spread in Iran and some other regions in the world. Baha’ism was founded by Baha Allah and was promoted and reformed by Abd al-Baha and Shoqi Efendi. Despite its idealistic propaganda, Baha’ism acts as an awkward and oppressing sect and like any other sect, all its followers serve to the purpose of its founding