بررسي نسبت نهضت مردم ايران در سال هاي 1357 - 1356 در مقايسه با آرا و مواضع جريان هاي سياسي - فكري آن دوره

A study on the movement of the Iranian people in 1977-1978 in comparison with the views and positions of political-intellectual movements of that period

اين نوشته در پي بررسي نسبت ميان نهضت سال هاي 1357-1356 ايران با آراء و مواضع جريان هاي سياسي- فكري آن دوره هاست. بدين منظور، پس از طرح مسئله، ابتدا به وضعيت عمومي كشور در آن مقطع تاريخي اشاره شد. سپس آرا و مواضع مهم ترين جريان هاي سياسي – فكري مطرح آن مقطع، مورد بررسي قرار گرفت. برخي از آن جريان ها، فاقد گفتمان فراساختاري بوده و فقط در چهارچوب سلطنت مشروطه مي انديشيدند و عمل مي كردند (جبهه ملي، نهضت آزادي، كانون نويسندگان، مراجع تقليد). برخي ديگر معتقد به عبور از رژيم پهلوي بودند اما قادر به بسيج عمومي نبوده و مطالبه ي آنها نيز جمهوري اسلامي نبود (مجاهدين خلق، ماركسيسم). در اين ميان، امام خميني (ره) هم به عبور از رژيم پهلوي و استقرار نظام اسلامي باور داشت و در اين باره نظريه پردازي كرد، هم قادر به بسيج عمومي و همراه ساختن ديگر جريان ها با گفتمان خود بود و در اين زمينه اقدام عملي كرد. بنابراين، شكل گيري نهضت و مطالبات آن، بازتاب عملي اقبال ملت به آراء و مواضعي بود كه ايشان از سال 1341 به بعد مطرح كرده بودند.

This article seeks to examine the relationship between the movement of the Iranian people in 1977-1978 and the views and positions of political-intellectual movements of that period For this purpose, after the issue, we dressed a portrait of general condition in that historical section. Then, the views and the opinions of the most important political-intellectual movements of that time have been studied. Some of them, they had not infrastructural discourse and they thought and acted in the framework of constitutional monarchy (the National Front, the Movement for Freedom, Writers Association, marajeTaqlid). Others believed to cross the Pahlavi regime, but were not able to mobilize the people and they did not demand the Islamic Republic (MEK, Marxism). In the meantime, Imam Khomeini also believed to cross the Pahlavi regime and the establishment of the Islamic regime and he described it in a theoretical frame and he was able to mobilize the people and to associate the other movements with his discourse as well. In this issue, he did practical measures. Therefore, the formation of the movement and its demands were the practical reflect of the national interest to the Imam Khomeini’s position and views that he had presented from 1962 onwards.