تحليل گفتمان رهبري مسلط امام خميني در بسيج مردمي بر مبناي ايدئولوژي مذهبي در فرآيند پيروزي انقلاب اسلامي

The Analysis of the Dominant Discourse of Imam Khomeini Leadership in Nation Mobilization built on the Religious Ideology in the Process of Victory of the Islamic Revolution

پيروزي انقلاب اسلامي ايران نتيجه ي توانمندي رهبري بي نظير امام خميني در بسيج نيروهاي مذهبي و در همان زمان توان تاثيرگزاري بر گروه هاي غير مذهبي و ملي - مذهبي در پذيرش رهبري مقتدرانه و انسجام بخش بود. توانمندي بسيج مردمي ايشان چنان مقتدرانه و مدبرانه بود كه همه گروه هاي سياسي ناچار به پذيرش اين رهبري شدند و نفوذ كلام ايشان در جامعه و گروه هاي سياسي سبب شد تا همگان خود را با ايشان هماهنگ سازند و از اين رو امام نقش بي نظيري در فرآيند پيروز انقلاب اسلامي ايفا كردند. تمامي نيروهاي نهفته در بستر سياسي - اجتماعي ايران كه دست كم از دوران مشروطيت انباشت و رشدشان آغاز شده بود و از اين نظر تا حدودي به سازماندهي و انسجام رسيده بودند ناچار شدند از اين طوفان انقلابي كه امام آغاز كرده بودند تبعيت كنند و به همين دليل، اين انقلاب بدون رهبري بي بديل و فرهمند امام خمينيv به نتيجه نمي رسيد. پژوهش پيش رو در پي واكاوي و بازنمايي گفتمان بسيچ گراي رهبري و مديريت امام خمينيv در جريان انقلاب اسلامي و توان غلبه آن بر گفتمان هاي رقيب، ليبرال (ملي - مذهبي) و چپ (ماركسيستي - لنينيستي) است. بر اساس فرضيه ي پژوهش، شيوه ي مفصل بندي گفتمان سياسي، اجتماعي و پركتيس گفتماني امام خميني چنان بود كه موفق شد ضمن به حاشيه راني گفتمان هاي رقيب كه سال ها در جامعه ي ايران فعال بودند و در كنار آن برجسته سازي گفتمان خودي، بيشترين حد از قابليت دسترسي و اعتبار را براي آن فراهم آورده و خوانش ايشان از گفتمان سياسي اسلام گرا را به عنوان گفتمان اصلي در جريان انقلاب اسلامي هژمونيك سازد. بدين ترتيب، گفتمان امام خمينيv در بسيج سياسي مردم و تحقق انقلاب از گفتمان نخبه گراي گروه ها و روشنفكران ملي گرا، نهضت ملي و چپ هاي غيرمذهبي و مذهبي، به دليل استحكام مفصل بندي گفتماني و پركتيس اجتماعي يعني تطابق با شرايط جامعه اسلامي ايران و انديشه هاي عقيدتي و ايماني مردم و وجود نهادهاي قدرتمند مذهبي و در مقابل عدم وجود اين شرايط در گروه هاي رقيب، نقش بارزتري ايفا كرده است.

The victory of the Islamic Revolution in Iran was the result of the imminent leadership of Imam Khomeini in mobilizing religious forces and, at the same time, influencing non-religious and national-religious groups in accepting strong his leadership and coherence-making. The ability of his popular mobilization was so powerful and timely that all political groups were forced to accept this leadership and his word influence in society and political groups made them all to coordinate themselves with he, and thus Imam played a unique role in the triumphant process of the Islamic Revolution. All the forces in the political-social context of Iran, which began to emerge at least from the era of constitutionalism and began to grow and were partly organized and coherent, had to comply with this revolutionary storm that the Imam had begun, and for this reason this revolution was not come to a conclusion without the imminent leadership of Imam Khomeini. This research is to examine and illustrate the widespread discourse of Imam Khomeini's leadership and supervision during the Islamic Revolution and its ability to overcome rival, liberal (national-religious) and leftist (Marxist-Leninist) discourses. Based on the research hypothesis, the method of communicating and the political and social discourse of Imam Khomeini was so successful that marginalized rival discourses that had been active for many years in Iran, along with this highlighting his discourse provides the highest level of accessibility and credibility and hegemonic for Imam’s readings of Islamist political discourse as the main discourse during the Islamic Revolution. Thus, the discourse of Imam Khomeini in the political mobilization and the realization of the revolution - due to the strong social dialogue and socialism, the conditions of the Islamic society of Iran and the ideological beliefs and beliefs of the people and the existence of powerful religious institutions - against the elitist discourse of nationalist groups and intellectuals, the national movement and secular and religious leftists which did not have these conditions, has played a more significant role.