پديد آورندگان :
زارع، علي اكبر دانشگاه تربيت مدرس، تهران، ايران , ملكوتي، محمدجعفر دانشگاه تربيت مدرس، تهران , بهرامي، حسين علي دانشگاه تربيت مدرس، تهران , سفيدكُن، فاطمه مؤسسه تحقيقات جنگلها و مراتع كشور، تهران
كليدواژه :
مصرف متعادل كود , كوددهي سنتي , اسانس , آنتي اكسيدان
چكيده فارسي :
اين پژوهش در قالب طرح بلوك‌هاي كامل تصادفي با شش تيمار و سه تكرار به شرح: T1: بدون كوددهي (شاهد)، T2: كوددهي بر اساس عرف زارع (كوددهي سنتي)، T3: كوددهي بر اساس مصرف متعادل كود ، T4: كود زيستي، T5: تيمار دوم + كود زيستي وT6 : تيمار سوم + كود زيستي در دو برداشت در گلخانه دانشگاه تربيت مدرس صورت گرفت. بين تيمارها از لحاظ كليه پارامترها در سطح پنج درصد اختلاف معني‌دار وجود داشت. ميانگين عملكرد برگ خشك و اسانس دو برداشت در تيمار شاهد به ترتيب (664 و 7.15 كيلوگرم در هكتار) و در تيمار مصرف متعادل كود + كود زيستي (1261 و 19.97 كيلوگرم در هكتار) كمترين و بيشترين مقدار به دست آمدند. تيمار مصرف متعادل كود+ كود زيستي نسبت به ساير تيمارها داراي بيشترين خاصيت آنتي اكسيداني در هر دو برداشت بود. بيشترين غلظت پتاسيم، آهن، روي و منگنز برگ در تيمار مصرف متعادل كود + كود زيستي بدست آمد. مجموع تركيبات اصلي ژرانيال و نرال تيمارهاي شاهد و مصرف متعادل كود + كود زيستي به ترتيب بامقادير 40.52 درصد و 52.27 درصد، كمترين و بيشترين ميزان بدست آمدند. با عنايت به نتايج مصرف متعادل كود همراه با كود زيستي در مزارع گياهان دارويي توصيه مي‌گردد.
چكيده لاتين :
Introduction: Appropriate nutrient has a significant impact on yield and
phytochemical characteristics of medicinal plants. (Lippia citriodora) an herb plant
native to South America - belongs to mangrove family. In most studies conducted on
medicinal plants in Iran, balanced fertilization has not been practiced and mostly N
and P-fertilizers without being based on soil analysis results have been used and hence
the obtained results were not correct. Use a balanced fertilization or fertilizer based on
soil analysis can be a scientific solution to increase the essential oil.
Objective: To investigate the effects of balanced fertilization on quantity and quality
parameters of lemon verbena in two harvests was done.
Materials and methods: In this experiment, six treatments were performed in a
completely randomized block design and in three replications as follows: T1 = control
(no fertilization); T2 = fertilization based on farmers conventional fertilizer use (NP);
T3 = balanced fertilization (fertilizer recommendation on the basis of soil test); T4=
T1+ bio- fertilizer; T5 = T2+ bio-fertilizer and T6= T3+ bio-fertilizer. Soil samples
were taken from greenhouse soil and physico-chemical characteristics were analyzed
according to conventional methods practiced at the Soil and Water Research Institute
of Iran. After six months, all operations, including top–dressing fertilization and
irrigation, were regularly carried out and in late July and December of 2012; samples
were taken at two- time intervals. The samples were weighed in dry content.
Meanwhile, essential oil extractions were measured by Clevenger Instrument and total
antioxidant extracted by DPPH method. Subsequently, data were analyzed by SAS
software.
Results and discussion: The differences were shown significant at 5 percent
statistical level. Average yield of dry leave weight and essential oil content in two
harvests in control treatment were 664 and 7.15 k.gha-1, respectively, these values in
the best treatment were 1261 and 19.97 kgha-1, respectively. The treatment of
balanced fertilization + bio-fertilizer compared with other treatments has the highest
amount of antioxidant properties in both harvest. Also, the highest concentration of
potassium, iron, zinc and manganese in edible organs (Leaves) in both the yields was
found in balanced fertilization + bio-fertilizer. Also results analysis of essential oil
showed that percent of citral (neral+geranial) in essential oil of first harvest in control
treatment were 40.51, these value in the, T6 treatment were 52.25. Therefore, it can be
concluded that balanced fertilization causes significant increase in the yield and the
essential oil content of Lippia citriodora medicinal plant. So, it is suggested that in all
research studies on the commercial production of medicinal plants, balanced
fertilization should be seriously taken in to consideration. Furthermore, the
application of bio-fertilizer should also be promoted for producing a healthy crop of
medicinal plants.
