كليدواژه :
شعر كلاسيك , ادب قديم , ادبيات تطبيقي , ابوالفتح بستي , سعدي
چكيده فارسي :
داد و ستدهاي ادبي به شكل هاي مختلف در ادبيات جهان وجود دارد و كمتر ادبياتي را مي توان يافت كه در مداري بسته و محدود حركت كند و از مرزهاي خود پا فراتر نگذاشته باشد؛ در اين ميان، ادبيات عربي و فارسي به علت نزديكي جغرافيايي و وجود برخي از آداب و رسوم مشترك نسبت به ساير ملل، تبادلات فرهنگي و ادبي و علمي و اجتماعي بيشتري با يكديگر داشته اند. سعدي شيرازي، شاعر فارسي زبان قرن هفتم است كه در بسياري از جهات از ادبيات عربي تاثير پذيرفته است. از جمله شاعراني كه سعدي به اشعار او نظر داشته است، ابوالفتح بستي شاعر قرن چهارم مي باشد كه در دوران خويش به سبب اشعار حكيمانه اش به شهرت فراوان رسيده است. در اين تحقيق كه با هدف بررسي تاثيرپذيري سعدي از ابوالفتح بستي بر مبناي مكتب تطبيقي فرانسوي نگاشته شده است، دلايل مختلف تاثيرپذيري سعدي از بستي مورد مطالعه قرار گرفته است. يافته هاي پژوهش نشان مي دهد كه شهرت اشعار بستي، سفرهاي سعدي به مشرق زمين و انس وي با اساتيدي كه از اشعار بستي در آثار خود بهره برده اند، از دلايل برون متني تاثيرپذيري سعدي از بستي است و اين تاثيرپذيري از بعد درون متني در سويه هاي بلاغي و مضموني شعر سعدي نيز آشكار است.
چكيده لاتين :
There are various forms of literary exchanges in the world of literature, and there are few literatures that have developed in a closed circle without going beyond their borders. In this context, Arabic and Persian literature due to the geographical proximity and the prevalence of common customs compared to other nations have experienced greater cultural, literary, scientific and social exchanges. Sa’di, the renowned poet of 7th century, has been significantly influenced by Arabic literature. One of the poets whose works had fascinated Sa’di was Abolfath Basti, the poet of 4th century, who became famous during his lifetime for poems rich of wisdom and erudition. In this paper, which seeks to investigate the influence of Abolfath Busti on Sa’di, a descriptive-analytical method has been adopted to explore different aspects of this inspiration. The findings suggest that Busti’s poems, Sa’di’s travels to Eastern regions and his companionship of scholars who had incorporated Busti’s poems in their works, are some of the extra textual reasons that explain the impact of Busti on Sa’di. This influence is evident from an intertextual perspective in rhetorical and thematic strains of Sa’di’s poems. Extraterritorial factors related to historical issues suggest that the reputation of the Busti’s poetry and its dissemination in the eastern and western parts of the world on the one hand and numerous Sa'di’s trips to the east on the other hand reinforce the possibility of reading the works of Busti. Studies on the rhetorical levels of language used by both poets reveal rhetorical adaptations of Busti’s poetry at two levels of poetic images and proverbs in the poetry of Sa'di, but it does not mean that these adaptations are the outcome of pure imitation devoid of any ingenuity. As for thematic adaptation, it was concluded that a significant part of the wisdom shared in the world of these two poets come from common source, which is because both poets have been inspired by a shared source of beliefs. These poems reflect a variety of Islamic sources has been reflected. Accordingly, Sa'di's exploitation of Islamic wisdoms has created a set of shared themes between his poems and that of Basti, among which the following can be cited: thankfulness of God, instability of the world, philanthropy, respect for other people, patience and forbearance.
