تحليل و بررسي نقش اديبان كرد در تحولات ادب عربي دوره عباسي

Investigating of Kurdish Writers Roles in Arabic Literary Evolution in Abbasid Era

بررسي نقش كردها در تحولات مختلف ادب عربي در حوزه ادبيات تطبيقي مكتب فرانسه مي گنجد؛ زيرا اديبان قومي در ادبيات ملتي ديگر تاثيرگذار بوده اند. در دوره عباسي ، زبان و ادب عربي با همت انديشمندان مليت هاي مختلف مسلمان بيش از هر دوره ديگري شكوفا شد كه در اين ميان سهم كردها برجسته است. هرچند انديشمندان كرد در حوزه هاي مختلف زبان و ادبيات عرب، خدمات ارزنده اي به زبان قرآن نمودند، اما نقش و تاثير آن ها، در تحولات علوم ادبي و زير شاخه هاي آن مانند صرف و نحو، بلاغت و نقد، و نيز علوم مرتبط به لغت شناسي و نگارش فني، بارزتر است. لذا اين نوشتار بر آن است تا ضمن تبيين جايگاه حقيقي كردها، نقش تاثيرگذار آن ها را در تحولات حوزه هاي مختلف علوم ادبي مشخص نمايد و يافته هاي آن حاكي از اين است كه در دوران عباسي، با حضور موثر ادباي كردتباري چون ابن قتيبه دينوري و ابن جني موصلي، تصويري متمايز از صرف و نحو عربي ارائه گرديد. از ديگر سوي آثاري چون الشعر و الشعراء ابن قتيبه، الموازنهآمدي والمثل السائر ابن اثير در نقد ادبي و شاهكارهاي ابوعلي قالي در لغت شناسي و نيز آثار بر جاي مانده از صائبي حراني و خطيب حصكفي در نثر فني و مصنوع، تحولي عظيم در زبان و ادب عربي ايجاد نمود.

Investigating of Kurd’s roles in Arabic literary evolution in comparative literature refers back to French schools since ethnic scholars were influential in other’s literature. Arabic literature succeeded by Muslim scholars from different nations during Abbasid Era, among them Kurd’s share was noticeble due to cultural and political and lingual and ideological relations. In the abbasid era kurds with first class scholars and scientist and useful books in the any aspect of arabic literature had an essential role in revolution of it. Although Kurds offered useful services to Arabic literature and other scientific domains, their roles and influence in Arab science and its subcategories like syntax, Rhetoric, analysis, and history writing were more noticeable. During Abbasid Era, kurdish scholars and writers like Dinewari, Ᾱmedi, and Jazari offered a different imagination of Arabic language and literature. Ebn Qutybeh, Beshr Ᾱmedy, and Ibn Athir made a revolution in Arab literature by works like "al-shi^ʿr wa al-shu^ʿarᾱ", "al-Muwᾱzana", "al-Mathal Al-saʾir" and Abo Ali Ghali’s masterpiece In"Al maᾱli va Al bᾱrea an‎d Ibn Geni’s work in Khasᾱʾyes va sirr Al sinᾱʿa in is noticable. and Abu Ali Alـghᾱli book about philology and any other remained writings by Sᾱebi _harani and Khatib- hasfaki about prose poem made a great revolution in the arabic language literature. In this study, attempts have been made to investigate descriptively and analytically what Kurds scholars have done in different scientific and historical domains of Arab literature. Furthermore, this study shows the place of Kurd’s as a part of Islamic culture and civilization and their influential roles in literary evolution of this era. the findings of this research shows that abbasid era was the most important that kurds have been at the service of the arabic language literature and they throw all attention to this language and imagine it to all as possible.