واكاوي عوامل رشد شركت‌هاي دانش‌بنيان در ايران با رويكرد تبيين مسيرهاي ممكن

Investigating the Growth Factors of Knowledge-Based Firms in Iran with Approach to Explaining the Possible Paths

در فضاي اقتصادي امروز ايران مكرراً به اهميت ايجاد و رشد شركت‌هاي دانش‌بنيان اشاره مي‌شود. درك علل رشد اين گروه از شركت‌ها مي‌تواند براي مديران جهت پيشبرد اهداف سازماني و براي سياست‌گذاران جهت تدوين سياست‌هاي اثربخش، مفيد واقع شود. بسياري از محققين اين حوزه به صورتي تفكيك‌شده برعوامل فردي، سازماني و محيطي رشد شركت‌هاي دانش‌بنيان متمركز شده‌اند. اين مقاله به شناسايي مسيرهاي ممكن دستيابي به رشد براي شركت‌هاي تحت پوشش قانون حمايت از شركت‌ها و مؤسسات دانش‌بنيان مصوب سال 1389 پرداخته است. براي تأمين هدف مذكور، اين مطالعه در گام اول اقدام به مصاحبه با 22 تن از مديران شركت‌هاي رشديافته كرده كه با استفاده از روش تحليل موضوعي، مضامين كليدي حاكم بر فرآيند رشد آنها را شناسايي و نهايتاً مسيرهاي ممكن دستيابي شركت‌ها به رشد بر مبناي روش تحليل مقايسه‌اي كيفي تبيين شده است. در گام بعد نيز پرسشنامه طراحي‌شده، براي 22 شركت رشديافته قبلي و 8 شركت رشدنيافته ارسال و داده‌هاي به دست آمده با نرم‌افزار FSQCA مورد تحليل قرار گرفت. بر اساس يافته‌هاي اين مقاله، شركت‌هاي دانش‌بنيان بر اساس دو مسير تركيبي از عوامل مؤثر بر رشد شركت‌ها، قادر به دستيابي به پيامد رشد خواهند بود كه البته مسير مبتني بر نقش دولت، از احتمال رخداد بيشتري برخوردار است.

Nowadays in Iran's economic, often refers to the importance of creation and growth of knowledge-based company and the main purpose of this has been considered to show the position of knowledge and knowledge-based products in increasing the competitiveness level of country. Understanding the reasons for the growth of these company can help to managers and policy makers in order to achieve the organizational goals and to formulate effective policies. Many of the researchers in this field have investigated separately role of on individual, organizational, and environmental factors in achieving to growth of knowledge-based company. This study is aimed to identify possible paths for achieving to growth of company that have been covered by approved law in 2010 about protecting knowledge-based company and institutes. In order to achieve this purpose, interviews were conducted with 22 managers of the grown knowledge-based company. Using the thematic analysis, the effective key themes on growth process of these company were identified and using the qualitative comparison analysis technique has attempted to determine the possible paths for achieving to growth. A designed questionnaire has been received from 22 grown company and 8 non-grown company during the 2013-14 years in order to use the qualitative comparison analysis method. Obtained data were analyzed using FSQCA software. Finally, the dominant path for the growth of knowledgeable-based company in Iran has been identified. According to the findings of this research, knowledge-based company will be able to achieve growth based on the two combination paths from effective factors on growth of company, that path based on role of government is more likely to happen.