بررسي ديدگاه مفسران در خصوص آيات نخست سوره روم

A Study of the Commentators` View on the First Verses of the Chapter Rum

جمعي از مفسران اهل سنت به استناد روايت ابن عباس اتفاق نظر دارند كه آيات نخستين سوره روم: «الم غلبت الروم في ادني الارض و هم من بعد غلبهم سيغلبون...» در فاصله دو جنگ ايران و روم نازل شده است كه در جنگ اول ايرانيان پيروز شدند و آيه نازل شد و خبرداد كه روميان پيروز خواهند شد. آنان اين موضوع را يكي از معجزات قرآن دانسته اند. با پژوهش در منابع تفسيري، حديثي و تراجم مشخص شد كه اين ديدگاه مفسران از نظر سند ضعيف و از نظر محتوا با توجه به شواهدي در اين آيات و آيات ديگر و روايات، باطل است. بر اساس روايت صحيحي كه از سوي راويان شيعه رسيده تفسير اين آيه را جز إمامان معصوم نمي دانند و از سوي إمامان معصوم(ع) نيز به بني اميه و ظهور حضرت مهدي(عج) و حضرت زهرا(س) تفسير شده است. از اين رو تفسير آيات يادشده، به دو جنگ ايران و روم، نادرست و در وقوع چنين جنگي نيز ترديد وجود دارد.

As viewed by a group of Sunni commentators according to Ibn Abbas's narration, the first verses of the chapter Rum: "Alif. Lam. Mim. The Romans have been defeated In the nearer land, and they, after their defeat will be victorious …" revealed between two war of Iran and Rome. In the first war the Iranians won and a verse carrying the message of the Romans` victory revealed They were victorious, and the verse was revealed, and they were informed that the Romans would prevail. They see this as one of the miracles of the Qur'an. Researching in the interpretive, hadith, and biographical sources revealed that the commentators' viewpoint is weak in terms of the document and content given the evidence in these and other verses and narrations. According to the correct narration reached by the Shiite narrators, understanding the meaning and interpretation of this verse is not possible by those other than infallible Imams, and the infallible Imams (AS) have interpreted it as Bani Umayyeh and the emergence of Imam Mahdi and the Prophet`s daughter Zahra. Thus, the interpretation of these verses in the two wars of Iran and Rome is incorrect and there is also doubt about the occurrence of such a war.