كليدواژه :
مدل ارزشيابي , فرآيند طراحي , محصول طراحي , فن DEMATEL
چكيده فارسي :
يكي از مهم ترين اهداف آموزش معماري، ارزشــيابي طراحي بر اســاس معيارهاي دقيق است. ســؤالات اصلي كه در اين راستا مطرح مي شود عبارت اند از: معيارهاي مناسب براي ارزشيابي پروژه هاي طراحي كدم اند؟ ميزان اثرگذاري هر يك از معيارها به چه صورت خواهد بود؟ بدين منظور معيارهايي شــامل تمام كيفيات تأثيرگذار در ابعــاد طراحي در دو گروه فرآيند طراحي و محصول طراحي انتخاب شــده و طبق نظرات خبرگان آموزش معماري، ضريب اثرگــذاري معيارها تعيين مي گردد. ميزان اثرگذاري معيارها كه يكي از انواع DEMATEL در ارزشــيابي نهايي پروژه هاي طراحي معماري با تأثير دادن ضرايب به دســت آمده و بــا تكنيك روش هاي تصميم گيري گروهي بر اساس مقايسه هاي زوجي و قضاوت كارشناسان است، تعيين مي گردد. نتايج رتبه بندي معيارهاي پژوهش نشــان مي دهد كه معيارهاي گروه دانش طراحي و گروه مقدمات طرح به ترتيب داراي بيشــترين و كمترين اثر گذاري در ارزشيابي نهايي پروژه ها مي باشند.
چكيده لاتين :
Evaluation in art and architecture are more difficult than other majors and fields. Grading System of architectural
design projects based on exact criteria could be the most important educational goal. There are problems in evaluation
system due to a lack of common terminology, and etc. So need for developing a method for common criteria scale
for project assessment decisions has arisen. Distinction effective criteria in evaluation of architectural design projects
and to determine their impact are main issues in this research. So, criteria including effective quality in all aspects
of design process and design product were selected in two groups: design process and design product. Criteria for
judging design process includes knowledge of design, design skills and advancing the design. As well as evaluation
criteria related to design product, includes design preparations, elements of design and design documentation.
DEMATEL is a comprehensive tool for building and analyzing a structural model involving causal relationships between
complex factors. DEMATEL has been used to research on and solve a group of complicated and intertwined problems.
The methodology, according to the concrete characteristics of objective affairs, can confirm the interdependence
among the variables/attributes, and restrict the relationship reflecting the characteristic with an essential system and
development trend. This study aims to utilize DEMATEL in the evaluation model of architectural design projects.
The DEMATEL process can be summarized by the following steps: Calculate the average matrix, calculate the direct
influence matrix, and compute the total relation matrix.
After selecting the criteria, each of these criteria in terms of importance, should be given appropriate weight. For this
purpose, the number of teachers have been asked to score the criteria between 0 and 10 points. After reviewing the
questionnaire of DEMATEL technique and the importance of criteria Matrix, criteria weights were obtained. Total
relation matrix shows the impact of each criteria and rank their importance in evaluating design projects. In order to
separate the effectiveness of criteria in design process and design product, DEMATEL process was again used for
each group separately. The results of this process includes determinate criteria effectiveness and ranking of the design
process and design product. After summarizing weight of design product and design process evaluation criteria, their
impact can be calculated separately. Comparing results of two DEMATEL process parts shows little difference in
criteria effectiveness and ranking. In addition, in results of total relation matrix for all criteria "inquiring mind in
study to design course" has highest and "adherence to a specific design process" has the least impact; in results of total
relation matrix for criteria of design process, "inquiring mind in study to design course" has highest and "adherence
to a specific design process" has least impact; in results of total relation matrix for criteria of design product, "project
documents quality and principles of drawing" has highest and "regarding the studies and physical planning" has least
impact. The results of ranking six groups of criteria indicate that design knowledge and design preparations have the
most and the least effect on the final evaluation of projects, respectively.
