رهيافتي در منظرسازي پايدار سواحل حاشيه بنادر (مطالعه موردي: سواحل حاشيه بندر بوشهر)

Approach to Sustainable Landscaping in vicinity of Ports (Case study: Coasts in Vicinity of Bushehr Port

در طول تاريخ در بسياري از نقاط جهان، منابع آب نقش بسيار مهمي در استقرار و شكل‌گيري سكونت و ايجاد هويت داشته‌اند. قبل از صنعتي شدن مناطق ساحلي شهرها با حضور مردم و فعاليت‌هاي متنوع پررونق بودند و ارتباط نزديكي بين ساحل و شهر وجود داشت. در عصر صنعتي اين رابطه با ايجاد برخي كاربري‌ها مانند ايجاد بنادر بزرگ، كاربري‌هاي تجاري و انبار كالا قطع شد. بي‌شك راه نجات از اين وضعيت كنوني، توجه به اصول معماري پايدار و دخالت دادن آن در توسعه سواحل شهري است. در اين پژوهش كه جزو پژوهش‌هاي كاربردي و توسعه‌اي محسوب مي‌شود، سعي خواهد شد تا پس از ارائه مباني نظري مرتبط با موضوع و اصول و مؤلفه‌هاي طراحي پايدار سواحل شهري، معيارهاي مناسب جهت ايجاد مناظر پايدار ساحلي در حاشيه بنادر و تبديل آنها به مراكز پويا و زنده شهري ارائه شود.

Water, as a vital natural resource, is renewable, but finite, and is used for various purposes. Historically in many parts of the world, water resources play an important role in the establishment and formation of their residence and identity. Before industrialization, urban coastal areas were booming with people and diverse activities and there was a close connection between the coast and city but in the industrial age, this relationship was cut by creating some users such as major ports, commercial uses, Industrial activities, warehouse and transportation. Development of such as industrial activities in coastal areas have environmental problems such as pollution, aesthetic as well as social and economic effects for the surrounding urban communities. According to the sustainable development approach that is raised at the international level, Effects of industrial development on the environment should be limited if not removed. Undoubtedly, the way out of the current problem is to consider the principles of sustainable architectural development and use them in developing activities in urban coastal areas. For this purpose, Sustainable development and landscaping margin coast, ports can be used as a tool to achieve sustainable development goals. In this study that is applied and developmental research, Text and content analysis were used for the analysis, and a library method was also used to collect the required data and documents. Also we attempted to describe these principles before introducing an appropriate criterion to create sustainable coastal landscapes in vicinity of ports that would also serve as dynamic urban centers. Reconstruction and development of coast base on sustainability criteria can convert coast to on the most important center of national and international socio-economic focus. Sustainable development of a coastal area meant to benefit from the full potential of these spaces. Therefore, the landscaping of coasts in vicinity of ports include a combination of understanding of ecological, environmental impacts and link the city with the port and coast. The integration of sustainable development criteria and standards for reducing environmental impact of ports, can be a fundamental structure, particularly in relation to sustainable landscaping coasts near ports provided. According to the findings, establishing and maintaining communication between the city, the harbor and the beach, protect and guarantee the quality of water and the environment, reduce environmental pollution (air-optic-audio), create economic opportunities, meet the needs of local people and the city, contributing expertise, organizations, government agencies and people in the planning and design projects, preservation of cultural identity, natural scenery and landscape, creating complex and diverse applications to exploit the environment all the days, building infrastructure and convenient access to coastal areas, creating quality public spaces, enhances the visual quality of the environment and coverage unfavorable landscapes, are including criteria for sustainable landscaping in vicinity of ports. In addition, the coastal margins of the port of Bushehr as a case study were identified and investigated in a variety of aspects (functional, accessibility, visual and environmental), then identified base zones and macro-design strategies to create a sustainable landscape on these beaches has been provided.