پديد آورندگان :
سرمستاني، محمد دانشگاه آزاد اسلامي واحد همدان , فروتن، منوچهر دانشگاه آزاد اسلامي واحد همدان - گروه معماري , طهوري، نير دانشگاه آزاد اسلامي واحد علوم و تحقيقات - گروه معماري
كليدواژه :
نشانه‌شناسي , فضاي شهري , آفرينش شاعرانه , پارك باغ بلند , صنايع ادبي
چكيده فارسي :
شهر آكنده از دلالت‌هاي معنايي است كه هم به‌واسطه طراحان آن و هم شهروندان رمزگذاري و توسط شهروندان، رمزگشايي مي‌شود. بنابراين شهر را مي‌توان به‌عنوان يك «متن» خواند. ازاين‌رو نشانه‌شناسي شهري روشي است براي بررسي زبان‌شناسانه فضاي شهري كه به واكاوي معناي فضاي شهر مي‌پردازد. اين پژوهش در پي يافتن فنون و روش‌هايي است كه مي‌تواند منجر به فضاهاي شاعرانه در شهر شود. ازاين‌رو با روش نشانه‌شناسي به واكاوي يك نمونه فضاي شهري كه داراي اين ويژگي بوده پرداخته‌شده است. در نهايت پژوهش به بررسي مفاهيم نشانه‌شناختي مانند برجسته‌سازي ادبي، هنجار‌گريزي، خود كارشدگي و قاعده افزايي در يك نمونه موردي فضاي شهري، باغ بلند شيراز، اثر مهرداد ايروانيان پرداخته است. در پايان پژوهش به روش‌هايي كه وي براي ايجاد فضاي شاعرانه به كار بسته است مانند آشنايي‌زدايي به‌واسطه انحراف از زبان معيار، ايجاد تعليق و ايهام از طريق تصرف در محور هم‌نشيني دست‌يافته است.
چكيده لاتين :
According to Aristotle, poetics and art, were considered an imitation of reality but according to Bachelard, they
were phenomenology of the imagination. Bachelard showed how houses are receptive to human characteristics and
complexities, a house and its occupants usually match the architectural space, and residential space gives excellence
to geometric space. House, in his opinion is a sheltered nest of dreams and imagination. Poetic imagination is always
"text" and thus be interpreted and in reading the meaning of architecture and the city, both are studied as text. Thus
poetics of urban space and architecture can be investigated from phenomenological, ethnographic and semiotics
(Semio-logical) methods. Urban spaces in a semiotics approach, usually emphasize on the aspects of semantic systems.
The city is filled with semantic significations which is encoded by both designers and citizens and then is decoded
by the citizens. The city can be understood as a text by considering varying semiotics natures of the urban space. The
question is, How to create a poetic urban space.
The aim of this research is to find techniques that can lead to poetical features in urban spaces. The urban semiology
is a method to linguistic analysis meaning of urban space. The article analysed a case study of urban space that has
this features by semiology approach. The case study is Bagh-e Boland (Chamran Park) in Shiraz city, designed by
Mehrdad Iravanian (b. 1957). Bagh-e Boland is an urban space which allows its audience to interpret and explore the
meanings. After an introduction to urban and architectural semiotics, a sociosemiotic analysis is carried out to uncover
the meaning system of this built environment. In this case, the park is viewed as structured by poetical characteristics
and as a text. The park has been investigated by syntagmatic and paradigmatic, synchronic analysis.
At the level of the design strategy, Iravanian has used three strategies to create a poetic space: intertextuality,
defamiliarization, and metaphor. For intertextuality he linked his text with non-architectural texts such as sculptures
or history of site. He has deviated from the standard language, has changed automatized meaning of the space and
thereby has defamiliarized space. He has done this by increasing the scale forms, creating synchronicity spatial
elements, and change in composition of the constructions. In addition, multiple meanings have been added to the space
by using the architectural metaphor, amphiboly and metonymy. He suspended architectural elements and applied
familiar construction and building materials in another way. He has provided metaphor by naming spaces, captured
in the axis of the syntagmatic of spaces and usage of dual oppositions. Urban spaces are highlighted by exaggerating
the textures used in floor, walls and furniture. It should be noted at the end that this spaces can be analyzed with other
approaches, however looking at the language of this article is merely an urban space. Also intertextuality vision to text
can disclose techniques of createing new meaning in space. Thus, an urban space, can help in motivation of thought,
the audience, and the pleasure of discovery.
