كليدواژه :
نشانه شناسي معماري , فضاي ورودي خانه هاي دوره قاجار شهر قزوين , فردينان دو سوسور , چارلزسندرس پيرس , امبرتو اكو
چكيده فارسي :
نشانه‌شناسي رويكردي علمي براي مطالعه و تفسير نشانه‌ها است. پژوهش از ديدگاه علم نشانه‌شناسي و با كاربست نظريات فردينان‌دو سوسور، چارلز سندرس پيرس و امبرتو اكو به بررسي مفهوم عناصر به‌كاررفته در فضاي ورودي خانه‌هاي قاجار قزوين مي‌پردازد. فرض است كه در بررسي هر جز از فضاي ورودي خانه، آنچه تبديل به نشانه گشته حاصل ساختارهاي ذهن انسان و متأثر از ساختارهاي اجتماعي و فرهنگي بوده‌است. بدين ترتيب لزوم تفسير معنا و تحليل‌هاي اجتماعي به‌عنوان شالوده اصلي ايفاي نقش كرده و با تكيه‌بر اين موارد روش تحقيق از نوع كيفي، به روش توصيفي تحليلي انتخاب شده‌است. نتيجه پژوهش ضمن بررسي علل عملكردي و مفهومي عناصر فضاي ورودي از منظر نشانه شناسانه، تأثيرگذارترين عامل در بررسي نشانه‌ها را در ارجاع به مؤلفه‌هاي ذهني و مفهومي دانسته كه در قالب ساختارهاي فرهنگي، اجتماعي مذهبي و رفتاري با در نظر داشتن ويژگي‌هاي كالبدي درنهايت به ايجاد فرمي معنادار منجر شده‌است.
چكيده لاتين :
Semiotics (Semiology) is a scientific approach which deals with studying and analyzing signs. By broad and
multilateral studying upon objects in different cultural and social fields, it can be considered as an efficient
factor (effect) in architecture and impressive agents in creating spaces. This research, investigates the reasons
and meaning of the factors (effects) which were used in the entrance of Qajar's houses of Qazvin City from view
of semiotics, and by considering “Ferdinand de Saussure”, “Charles Sanders Peirce” and “Umberto Eco” points
of view. The theory is that in researching every detail of these entrances with Semiological view, whatever that
interpreted as a sign is a result of human's thoughts (mind) and also has been impressed by cultural and social
structures. However, the main part of this research is mostly about objective (visual) factors (effects) but as the
aforementioned theory suggests, these visual factors (effects) are also made by following the thoughts (mind).
In this research it is decided to study the entrance of Qajar's houses of Qazvin City by using semiotics (semiology)
to analyze these areas more deeply than what was thinking about them- that these areas are just a linking part
of the houses. The research also wants to find and analyze the factors (effects) among cultural and social fields,
which can be interpreted as signs. As it can be understood from research's title and its theory, necessity of meaning
interpretation and social analysis as the main base have an important role, so by considering them, the research
method is qualitative and in analyzing, it is supreme, comparative and descriptive. Semiological analysis were
carried out in accordance with the views of “Saussure”, “Peirce”, and “Eco”. Therefore, the cause-and-effect
relationships of signifier and signified were discussed in Saussure’s perspective. Then, the designatum, Sign,
interpretant, and three types of semiotics (index, symbol, and icon) were discussed in “Peirce’s” point of view.
Finally, the centrality of culture was analyzed in the formation of symbols in accordance with Eco’s view. In
addition to analyzing the functional and conceptual causes of spatial elements of the entrance symbolically,
the research results indicated the most effective factors in the analysis of signs in reference to subjective and
conceptual components. Such components resulted in cultural, social, religious, and behavioral structures
by considering the physical features leading to a meaningful form. Accordingly, the researchers managed to
determine the philosophical method of semiotics in the legibility of architectural elements by preserving the
nature of the method. The aforesaid approach described the conventional relationship between physical forms
and the elements of entrance space comprehensively in addition to their applications. It also justified those
entrance symbols which were merely decorative and useless, due to the lack of a specific functionality, in
the legibility of deep semantic strata in reference to sociocultural structures. In interaction with the views
of theorists, the legibility of entrance space symbols was provided in a more detailed context in relation to
the residents and users of space in addition to behavioral and religious patterns affecting the creation of a
meaningful physical for such elements.
