بازخواني معناي «ركوع» در آيه ولايت از منظر فريقين

One of the important verses on the subject of Wilayah is Surah AlMa’idah: 55 known as the verse of Wilayah that has caused extensive exegetic arguments between Sunni and Shi’ite denominations. This noble verse is controversial due to different perspectives such as asbab alNuzul (occasions of revelation), the meaning of Wilayah, the interpretation of “Allazina Amanu”, the reason of plurality in “Allazina Amanu”, and so on. The interpretation of Ruku is one of the basic aspects of this verse which is influential on the comprehension of the other parts of the verse and about which there are serious controversies between Sunni and Shi’ite denominations. The present article critically and comparatively represents the viewpoints of Sunni and Shi’ite commentators on the meaning of ‘Ruku”. This comparative study explores critical views of the Sunnis and Shi’ites, thematic analysis of “Ruku” in the Qur’an in terms of historical review and sequence of Nuzul, as well as its revelatory interpretation outward Ruku and its inward interpretation that is humbleness.   Seyed Mahmood Tayeb Hoseini * Received: 5/3/2018   |   Accepted: 11/17/2018 Abstract One of the important verses on the subject of Wilayah is Surah AlMa’idah: 55 known as the verse of Wilayah that has caused extensive exegetic arguments between Sunni and Shi’ite denominations. This noble verse is controversial due to different perspectives such as asbab alNuzul (occasions of revelation), the meaning of Wilayah, the interpretation of “Allazina Amanu”, the reason of plurality in “Allazina Amanu”, and so on. The interpretation of Ruku is one of the basic aspects of this verse which is influential on the comprehension of the other parts of the verse and about which there are serious controversies between Sunni and Shi’ite denominations. The present article critically and comparatively represents the viewpoints of Sunni and Shi’ite commentators on the meaning of ‘Ruku”. This comparative study explores critical views of the Sunnis and Shi’ites, thematic analysis of “Ruku” in the Qur’an in terms of historical review and sequence of Nuzul, as well as its revelatory interpretation outward Ruku and its inward interpretation that is humbleness. Keywords Ruku in the Qur’an, Verse of Wilayah, Comparative Exegesis, Sequence of Nuzul (Revelation)         بازخواني معناي «ركوع» در آيه ولايت ازمنظر فريقين سيدمحمود طيب‌حسيني* تاريخ ارسال: 13/02/97   |   تاريخ پذيرش: 26/08/97 چكيده يكي از آيه‌هاي مهم در موضوع امامت كه ميان دو فرقه اهل‌تسنن و شيعه بحث‌ها و اختلاف‌هاي گسترده‌اي در تفسير آن درگرفته، آيه 55 سوره مائده مشهور به آيه ولايت است. اين آيه شريفه از زوايا و بخش‌هاي مختلف همچون شأن نزول، معنا و مقصود ولايت، مقصود از «الذين آمنوا»، علت جمع آمدن «الذين آمنوا» و... قابل بحث است. يكي از بخش‌هاي اساسي اين آيه شريفه كه نقش مهمي در فهم ساير بخش‌هاي آن دارد و اختلافات جدي‌‌اي ميان فرق اسلامي درباره آن وجود دارد، بيان معنا و مقصود «ركوع» در آن است. در مقاله حاضر، به روش تطبيقي ديدگاه مفسران فريقين درباره معناي «ركوع» نقل و نقد شده است. نقد ديدگاه مفسران شيعه و اهل‌تسنن، بررسي موضوعي واژه ركوع در قرآن براساس سير تاريخي و ترتيب نزول آيات، و پيرو آن ادعاي اينكه «ركوع» در اين آيه يك معناي تنزيلي دارد كه همان ركوع ظاهري است و يك معناي باطني دارد و آن خضوع است، در اين مطالعه تطبيقي بررسي مي‌شود. كليدواژگان ركوع در قرآن، آيه ولايت، علي ، تفسير تطبيقي، ترتيب نزول.