چكيده فارسي :
يكي از عوامل مهم در موفقيت نوآوري، يكپارچگي دانش فني و دانش بازار است. اما نتايج تحقيقات پيشين در اين حوزه نشان مي‌‌دهد كه سطح يكپارچگي موجود از سطح مطلوب موردنظر سازمان‌ها كمتر است. هدف اين تحقيق بررسي موانع ايجاد يكپارچگي در سازمان‌ها با تمركز بر واحد‌‌هاي فني و واحد‌‌هاي بازاريابي است. با مطالعه منابع كتابخانه‌‌اي مشخص شد كه عواملي در سطح فردي و سازماني مانع دستيابي به سطح مطلوب يكپارچگي بين واحد‌‌هاي ذكر شده مي‌‌شوند، از جمله دنياي تفكر فرهنگي متفاوت كاركنان دو واحد، مسئوليت‌‌هاي سازماني متفاوت و فاصله جغرافيايي بين واحدها. جابه‌‌جايي كاركنان، طراحي ساختار سازمان با رويكردهاي نوآورانه و ايجاد و تقويت سيستم‌‌هاي اجتماعي غيررسمي در سازمان از جمله راهكارهايي هستند كه به افزايش يكپارچگي كمك مي‌كنند. اين تحقيق به مديران ارشد سازمان‌ها و به خصوص مديران عامل و مسئولان نوآوري در سازمان كمك مي‌كند كه با شناخت بهتر از مسئله و راه‌حل‌ها، بتوانند موفقيت نوآوري‌‌هاي سازمان را افزايش دهند.
چكيده لاتين :
The aim of the present work is to illustrate the most important theoretical gaps of commercialization of scientific research, in inside and outside of the country. In addition, some of the most significant research ideas are proposed to depict the future path of this topic. The utilized method in the investigation, which was led to this paper, was the library research and conceptual analysis. In World Literature, it is observed that some of the literatures have been mainly reasoned on the basis of sociological theories of science against the commercialization of scientific research, and some others, used the objective and empirical results, to provide their defense for commercialization as an existing reality. In domestic literature, five main topics, which attract the attention of authors, are as follow: definition the concepts of commercialization of scientific research, appropriate executive models in Iran, the success factors of commercialization of science in universities of the world and Iran, present obstacles in Iran, its positive and negative consequences. The two recent issues have more importance in domestic literature, mostly the scientific community of management, and to a lesser extent, the sociologists have been entered to this debate. Other scholars in the fields of science policy, economics of science, and philosophy of science have been disregarded to this issue. The debate on commercialization of scientific research within the country lacks the theoretical frameworks for analyzing, evaluating and proceeding to the necessity of the subject.
