ﺎﯾﺴﻪ ﻣﯿﺰان ﺳﺮﻣﯽ ﻧﻘﺮه و اﺛﺮات ﺣﺎد ﺳﻤﯽ ﻧﺎﻧﻮ ﻧﻘﺮه ﺑﺮﻫﯿﺴﺘﻮﭘﺎﺗﻮﻟﻮژي ارﮔﺎنﻫﺎي )رﯾﻪ، ﮐﺒﺪ، ﮐﻠﯿﻪ، ﻣﻐﺰ( در دو ﻧﻮع ﭘﺎﻧﺴﻤﺎن آﺟﯽ ﮐﺖ و آﮐﺘﯽ ﮐﺖ در ﺳﻮﺧﺘﮕﯽ درﺟﻪ 2 ﻋﻤﻘﯽ در ﻣﺪل ﺣﯿﻮاﻧﯽ ﻣﻮش ﺻﺤﺮاﺋﯽ

The Comparison of Silver Serum Levels and Acute Toxic Effects of Nano-Silver on Histopathology of Organs (Lungs, Liver, Kidney, Brain) in Two Types of AgiCoat and Acticoat Dressings on Second-Degree Deep Burn in Rat

زﻣﯿﻨﻪ و ﻫﺪف: ﻣﻘﺎوﻣﺖﻫﺎي ﻣﯿﮑﺮوﺑﯽ ﯾﮑﯽ از ﻣﺸﮑﻼت ﻋﻤﺪه اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﻫﺰﯾﻨﻪﻫﺎي ﺑﺴﯿﺎري را ﺑﻪ ﺑﯿﻤﺎران ﻣﺒﺘﻼ ﺑﻪ زﺧﻢﻫﺎي ﺳﻮﺧﺘﮕﯽ ﺗﺤﻤﯿﻞ ﻣﯽ ﻧﻤﺎﯾﺪ. ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮاﯾﻦ اﻧﺘﺨﺎب روش ﻫﺎي ﺟﺪﯾﺪﺗﺮ ﺟﻬﺖ ﺑﺮﺧﻮرد ﺑﺎ ﻋﻮارض ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﻋﻔﻮﻧﺖ ﯾﺎ ﺗﺄﺧﯿﺮ ﺑﻬﺒﻮد زﺧﻢ ﻣﻮرد ﻧﯿﺎز اﺳﺖ. ﻫﺪف ﻣﺎ در اﯾﻦ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﻣﻘﺎﯾﺴﻪ ﻣﯿﺰان ﺳﺮﻣﯽ ﻧﻘﺮه و اﺛﺮات ﺣﺎد ﺳﻤﯽ ﻧﺎﻧﻮ ﻧﻘﺮه ﺑﺮ ﻫﯿﺴﺘﻮ ﭘﺎﺗﻮﻟﻮژي ارﮔﺎنﻫﺎي )رﯾﻪ، ﮐﺒﺪ، ﮐﻠﯿﻪ، ﻣﻐﺰ( در دو ﻧﻮع ﭘﺎﻧﺴﻤﺎن آﺟﯽ ﮐﺖ و آﮐﺘﯽ ﮐﺖ در ﺳﻮﺧﺘﮕﯽ درﺟﻪ 2 ﻋﻤﻘﯽ در ﻣﺪل ﺣﯿﻮاﻧﯽ ﻣﻮش ﺻﺤﺮاﺋﯽ ﺑﻮده اﺳﺖ. ﻣﻮاد و روش ﻫﺎ: اﯾﻦ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ از ﻧﻮع ﺗﺠﺮﺑﯽ ﺑﻮده و در آزﻣﺎﯾﺸﮕﺎه ﺣﯿﻮاﻧﺎت ﺑﯿﻤﺎرﺳﺘﺎن ﺣﻀﺮت ﻓﺎﻃﻤﻪ )س( در آﺑﺎن ﻣﺎه ﺳﺎل 1394 اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ. ﺟﻬﺖ اﻧﺠﺎم اﯾﻦ آزﻣﺎﯾﺶ 24 ﺳﺮ ﻣﻮش ﺻﺤﺮاﺋﯽ ﻧﺮ از ﻧﮋاد Sprague Dawley و ﺑﺎ وزن 300 ﺗﺎ 350 ﮔﺮم ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮرت ﺗﺼﺎدﻓﯽ ﺑﻪ دو ﮔﺮوه ﺗﻘﺴﯿﻢ ﺷﺪﻧﺪ. ﭘﺲ از اﯾﺠﺎد ﺳﻮﺧﺘﮕﯽ در ﻣﻮشﻫﺎي ﺻﺤﺮاﺋﯽ ﻫﺮ ﺳﻪ روز ﯾﮏ ﺑﺎر ﭘﺎﻧﺴﻤﺎن در ﮔﺮوه اول ﺑﺎ آﺟﯽ ﮐﺖ و ﮔﺮوه دوم ﺑﺎ آﮐﺘﯽ ﮐﺖ اﻧﺠﺎم ﮔﺮدﯾﺪ. ﺑﻌﺪ از ﻃﯽ 14 روز ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﺧﻮن از ﻗﻠﺐ، ارﮔﺎنﻫﺎي ﮐﺒﺪ، ﮐﻠﯿﻪﻫﺎ، رﯾﻪ و ﻣﻐﺰ و ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪاي از ﭘﻮﺳﺖ ﭘﺸﺖ ﻣﻮش ﺻﺤﺮاﺋﯽ ﺟﻬﺖ اﻧﺠﺎم آزﻣﺎﯾﺸﺎت ﻫﺴﯿﺘﻮﭘﺎﺗﻮﻟﻮژي ﺑﻪ آزﻣﺎﯾﺸﮕﺎه ارﺳﺎل ﺷﺪﻧﺪ. ﺳﭙﺲ دادهﻫﺎ ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﻧﺮم اﻓﺰار SPSS وﯾﺮاﯾﺶ 20 و آزﻣﻮن ﻫﺎي ﺗﯽ ﺗﺴﺖ ﺗﮏ ﮔﺮوﻫﯽ، ﮔﺮوهﻫﺎي ﻣﺴﺘﻘﻞ و آﻧﺎﻟﯿﺰ وارﯾﺎﻧﺲ ANOVA ﻣﻮرد ﺗﺠﺰﯾﻪ و ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻨﺪ. ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪ ﻫﺎ: ﻣﯿﺰان ﺳﺮم ﻧﻘﺮه در ﮔﺮوه آﺟﯽ ﮐﺖ در ﻫﺮ ﻣﯿﮑﺮوﮔﺮم ﺑﺮ ﻟﯿﺘﺮ 17/644±20/371 و در ﮔﺮوه اﮐﺘﯽ ﮐﺖ 21/800±12/199 ﺑﻮده اﺳﺖ. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﺣﺎﺻﻞ از اﯾﻦ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﻣﯿﺰان ﺳﺮﻣﯽ ﻧﻘﺮه در ﻫﺮ دو ﮔﺮوه ﺑﺎﻻﺗﺮ از ﻣﯿﺰان ﮐﻨﺘـﺮل )1/22 ﻣﯿﮑﺮوﮔـﺮم ﺑﺮ ﻟﯿﺘﺮ( و اﯾﻦ اﺧﺘﻼف ﻣﻌﻨﺎدار ﺑﻮده اﺳﺖ )آﺟﯽ ﮐﺖ: 0/017= P( )اﮐﺘﯽ ﮐﺖ: 0/001< P(. اﻣﺎ در ﻣﻘﺎﯾﺴﻪ دو ﮔـﺮوه اﺧﺘﻼف ﻣﻌﻨﺎداري ﺑﯿﻦ ﺳﻄﺢ ﺳـﺮﻣﯽ ﻧﻘﺮه وﺟﻮد ﻧﺪاﺷﺖ )0/551 = P(. ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ در ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ارﺗﺒﺎط ﺑﯿﻦ ﺳﻄﺢ ﺳﺮﻣﯽ ﻧﻘﺮه و ﺗﻐﯿﯿﺮات ﻫﯿﺴﺘـﻮﭘﺎﺗﻮﻟﻮژﯾﮏ ﮐﺒﺪي ﻧﺸـﺎن داده ﺷﺪ ﮐﻪ ﭘﺎﻧﺴﻤـﺎن آﺟﯽ ﮐﺖ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﮔﺮوه اﮐﺘﯽ ﮐﺖ ﺳﻤﯿﺖ ﮐﺒﺪي ﺑﯿﺸﺘـﺮي داﺷﺘﻪ اﺳﺖ و اﯾﻦ اﺧﺘﻼف ﻣﻌﻨﺎدار ﺑﻮده اﺳﺖ )0/002 = P(. ﻧﺘﯿﺠﻪ ﮔﯿـﺮي: ﭘﺎﻧﺴﻤﺎن ﻣﻮرد ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﻗﺎﺑﻠﯿﺖ اﯾﺠﺎد ﺳﻤﯿﺖ ﮐﺒﺪي را دارد. اﻣﺎ ﺑﻪ ﻧﻈﺮ ﻧﻤﯽ رﺳﺪ ﮐﻪ ﺗﻨﻬﺎ ﭘﺎﻧﺴﻤﺎن ﻣﻨﺠﺮ ﺑﻪ ﺳﻤﯿﺖ و اﯾﺠﺎد ﭘﺎﺗﻮﻟﻮژي در ﮐﺒﺪ ﺷﺪه ﺑﺎﺷﺪ و ﻓﺎﮐﺘﻮرﻫﺎي دﯾﮕﺮي از ﺟﻤﻠﻪ وزن، ﻣﻘﺎوﻣﺖ ﻣﯿﺰﺑﺎن، اﯾﻤﻨﯽ و ... در اﯾﻦ ﻣﻮرد ﻧﻘﺶ دارد. اﻣﺎ ﺑﺎ اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﻣﯿﺰان ﻧﻘﺮه ﺧﻮن ﺷﺪت آﺳﯿﺐ ﻫﻢ اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﻣﯽ ﯾﺎﺑﺪ. ﻟﺬا ﭘﯿﺸﻨﻬﺎد ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮد، ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﺎت دﯾﮕﺮي روي اﯾﻦ ﭘﺎﻧﺴﻤﺎن و ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻻت ﻣﺸﺎﺑﻪ ﺻﻮرت ﮔﯿﺮد.

Introduction & Objective: Antimicrobial resistance is a major problem that imposes high costs on burn patients. Therefore, selection of newer methods in order to deal with complications and side effects such as infection or delay in wound healing is needed. The aim of this study was to compare Silver serum levels and acute toxic effects of Nano-silver on histopathology of organs (lungs, liver, kidney, brain) in two types of AgiCoat and Acticoat dressings on second-degree deep burn in rat. Materials & Methods: This is an experimental study conducted at animal laboratory of Hazrat Fatima Hospital in 1394. We divided 24 Sprague-Dawley male rats weighing 300 to 350 randomly into two groups. After burning dorsal skin of rats in the first and the second group, their dressings were changed every three days with AgiCoat and Acticoat respectively. After 14 days, we sent blood samples taken from heart, liver, kidneys, lungs and brain and a sample from dorsal skin of the rat to the lab in order to do histopathological examinations. Then the data were analyzed using by SPSS software, version 20 and one-sample, independent-sample test and ANOVA. Results: The results of this study showed that the level of silver serum per Microgram per Liter in the Agicoat group was 17.644±20.371 and in the Acticoat group was 21.800±12.199 and was a significant difference (AgiCoat = 0.017) (Acticoat = P < 0.001). However, in terms of silver serum levels in two groups, there was no significant difference (P = 0.551). Examination of The relationship between the level of silver serum and histopathological changes in liver showed that hepatotoxicity of Agicoat compared to Acticoat was higher and the different was significant (P = 0.002). Conclusions: These dressings can cause toxicity and liver pathology. Although it does not seem only dressings cause this problem. Other factors such as weight, host resistance, immune system and etc should be considered important. Since the increase in blood silver would lead to an excessive injury, we recommend further studies on these dressings and similar products.